All About Spaying Dogs

by Lauren Corona

Published: June 14th, 2014

Confused about spaying? Let’s clear up a few things about spaying in dogs

So you might have heard about spaying, but be wondering what all the fuss is about. Spaying can be a controversial issue. Some people swear by it – and it does have many benefits – whereas others believe that it’s unnecessary or could even be detrimental. Before you make up your mind about what’s right for your pooch, you should learn a little bit more about spaying your dog and what it entails.

What is Spaying, Anyway?

Spaying is a general term for the sterilization of a female animal, in this case, a dog. A dog who has been spayed will be unable to get pregnant and won’t come into heat. Although several methods for spaying dogs exist, the term generally refers to a surgical procedure. In the United States, spay surgery for a female dog usually involves the removal of the uterus and the ovaries, although some veterinarians prefer to simply remove the ovaries. While it is a serious operation, it’s one that most vets carry out on an extremely regular basis, so in this sense it is fairly routine.

When Should a Dog Be Spayed?

There’s a lot of debate over what age a dog should be when she’s spayed and it’s unlikely that people are going to reach an agreement any time soon. Many people believe that it’s best to spay a dog before her first heat, because this reduces her chances of getting mammary cancer in later life to almost nil. However, others believe that hormones play an important role in dog development, so spaying too early – especially if your have a larger dog – could be damaging to her health. If you’re unsure what to do, follow the advice of your veterinarian. If your dog has already started having cycles when she gets spayed, it’s generally advisable to have the surgery done halfway through her heat cycle, so about three months after her last season.

What Happens on the Day?

If you choose to have your dog spayed, you’ll have to admit her into the veterinary surgery, although usually only for the day. She will need to fast for a certain number of hours before the surgery – your vet will advise you on the exact length of time – because vomiting during the operation could be problematic. Common practice is for you to take your pooch to the vet first thing in the morning so that she can have an early surgery and be home by the afternoon, thus avoiding an overnight stay.

What Are the Pros of Spaying?

You’ll find many positive reasons for having your dog spayed. A dog who’s been spayed is much less likely to develop mammary, or breast, cancer than one who hasn’t. This risk drops to almost nil in a dog who was spayed before her first season. Spaying also means your dog won’t be able to get pyometra (an infection of the uterus) and, depending on the type of spay surgery she had, can prevent ovarian and uterine cancers. Aside from medical reasons, it will also prevent your dog from having an unplanned litter of puppies (there are already far too many unwanted dogs in the world) and avoid the mess and inconvenience of having a dog on heat in the house.

What Are the Cons of Spaying?

The main disadvantage of having your dog spayed is the inherent risks of surgery and undergoing anesthetic. That said, modern day anesthetics are generally quite safe, so unless your pooch is getting on in years or has another health issue, the chance of complications is fairly low. Some people believe that spaying can disrupt a dog’s hormonal balance and cause other medical problems, but there’s no firm evidence to support this. Besides, if you are worried about this, spay surgery where only the ovaries are removed can be a good compromise.

Lauren Corona

Lauren Corona is a freelance writer from merry old England. She specializes in writing about dogs and other critters. Lauren lives near Oxford, with her gorgeous Doberman, Nola. When she's not tapping away at the keyboard, you'll find her walking in the woods with Nola-dog, raising money for the Oxfordshire Animal Sanctuary, cooking vegan food, making zines and writing about herself in the third person.

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All About Kidney Stones In Dogs

This painful affliction can happen to dogs as well as humans – here’s what you need to know about kidney stones in dogs Both kidney and bladder stones in dogs can be painful and even life-threatening if not properly treated. You may not realize it, but they can also be prevented – and quite easily, at that. Let’s go over the basics about kidney stones in dogs including what they are, why they form and how the condition is treated. You will also learn some tips for preventing your dog from developing kidney stones. What are Kidney Stones? The medical term for the condition which results in the development of kidney stones is called nephrolithiasis. Kidney stones, called nephroliths, are actually clusters of urate crystals that form in the kidneys or urinary tract. Though all cats and dogs have the potential to develop this condition, certain breeds have a higher risk than others. Some breeds which are more prone to developing kidney stones include Yorkshire Terriers, Lhasa Apsos, Miniature Poodles, English Bulldogs and Dalmatians. The formation of kidney stones is often the result of increased levels of calcium in the blood or urine as well as a diet that results in high urine pH levels. Recurrent urinary tract infections may also increase your dog’s risk for developing kidney stones. Related: Dry vs. Wet Dog Foods Symptoms and Treatment Unfortunately, many dogs with kidney stones show no outward signs of the condition. In fact, the stones are often undetected until the dog goes in for testing for another medical problem. In some cases, however, dogs do show symptoms including blood in the urine, vomiting, recurrent urinary tract infections, painful urination or frequent small volume urination. It is also important to note that kidney stones may be either active or inactive. Active stones are infected and progressively enlarging, either obstructing the flow of blood and urine or having the potential to cause an obstruction. Inactive stones are not infected – they are not growing in size or causing any problems. Diagnosis of kidney stones in dogs involves a complete veterinary examination performed by a licensed veterinarian. During the examination, your vet will perform a physical exam along with ultrasound imaging and a urinalysis. Once the diagnosis has been made, treatment begins. Dogs with inactive kidney stones can often be treated medically to dissolve the stones – a change in diet may also be required to keep them from reforming. Dogs with active kidney stones often have to undergo hospitalization or even surgery to remove the stones. Related: How To Choose the Best Dog Food Prevention of Kidney Stones The main culprit for kidney stones in dogs is a diet high in purines. Purines are found in certain types of plant and animal tissue and, as they degrade, they form uric acid which triggers the formation of kidney stones. Thus, a low-purine diet is the key to preventing kidney stones in dogs. To keep your dog on a low-purine diet, avoid highly acidic foods such as soy, oats, barley and alfalfa. While vegetarian foods are often low in purines, they are largely considered inadequate for dogs unless used as a base to which low-purine protein sources are added. Kidney stones can be dangerous for your dog if they are left untreated, so it is important for you to recognize the signs and symptoms. Take your dog to the vet for regular check-ups to monitor his health and ensure that he is given a high-quality diet. If your dog does develop kidney stones, it is essential that you seek treatment as soon as possible to prevent further complications.

All About Poison Ivy in Dogs

Poison ivy can be much more than just a pain to your pooch. Here’s what you should know about poison ivy in dogs and what to do if your dog comes in contact with it. You probably know the saying, “Leaves of three, leave me be.” This is the saying people use to remember what poison ivy looks like. Unfortunately, even if your dog has heard this saying before, he doesn’t know what it means, and he certainly won’t heed its advice. But do dogs actually get poison ivy and, if they do, what can you do about it? Keep reading to find out. Do Dogs Get Poison Ivy? Poison ivy grows anywhere and everywhere, from wooded national parks to your own backyard. Known by the scientific name Toxicodendron radicans, poison ivy is a woody vine that produces a toxic resin known as urushiol. This resin is responsible for the raised, itchy rash that occurs when poison ivy comes into contact with your skin. You can identify poison ivy by its bright green color and three-leaf structure. Related: Poisonous Plants For Dogs Though some people don’t develop a reaction to poison ivy, those who do find it to be extremely unpleasant and the rash can spread easily. Don’t make the mistake of assuming that just because your dog has a fur coat that he is protected – dogs can get poison ivy rashes in areas where their fur is thin or on areas of exposed skin such as the stomach, inner legs, or external genitalia. When exposed to poison ivy, dogs can develop severe dermatitis which may cause them to bite, lick, scratch, or chew the area. This makes the rash worse, of course, and opens the dog up to a risk of spreading the infection to his mouth and throat. How Do You Treat Poison Ivy in Dogs? The first step in treating poison ivy in dogs is identifying the problem. If you don’t actually see your dog come into contact with the plant, you may not make the association when symptoms develop. Here are some of the signs and symptoms of poison ivy in dogs: Inflammation and swelling of the skinDevelopment of red, raised bumpsSevere itching of the skinBlisters that break and ooze clear fluidSudden vomiting or diarrhea (if ingested) If your dog starts to show any of these signs, it’s a good idea to take him to the vet before things get worse. If the reaction becomes very severe, your dog could go into anaphylactic shock and that is very dangerous. If your dog has ingested poison ivy, this risk is much higher and your dog may need medical treatment to prevent anaphylaxis. Related: What are the Dangers of Water Hemlock to Dogs? Treatment for poison ivy in dogs usually involves bathing the dog to remove any traces of the toxic resin from his skin and coat. If the dog has already developed a reaction, remedies like aloe vera and calamine lotion may help soothe the itching, though you need to make sure your dog doesn’t lick the treatments off. Rubbing alcohol can keep the affected area clean and it may cool things down, just don’t apply it to your dog’s face or genitals. When your dog is enjoying time in the great outdoors, all he cares about is the fact that he’s outside. It’s your job as a dog owner to keep him safe, and that means protecting him against poison ivy. Put to use the information you’ve learned here for a poison-ivy free fall for you and your dog.

All About Neutering Dogs

Thinking about neutering your dog? Here are a few basics you should brush up on before making a decision. Neutering is something that every owner of a male dog should know about and consider. You may hear all kinds of stories about neutering (you probably know somebody whose best friend’s uncle twice-removed had their dog neutered and he was never the same again), but it’s best not to listen to hearsay and rumors when it comes to veterinary care. If you still have questions about neutering, your vet will be happy to answer them. What is Neutering? Neutering is the common term for sterilizing a male dog. That is, making it so he can’t sire puppies. It’s sometimes also known as castration. The procedure generally involves removing the testes entirely, although it’s not completely unheard of to perform a doggy vasectomy, where the tubing that carries the sperm from the testes to the penis is cut. If a vasectomy, rather than a full castration, is performed, all of the dog’s hormones (and any related behavioral problems related to testosterone) will still remain. Related: Common Myths About Spaying And Neutering When Should a Dog Be Neutered? Veterinarians usually advise for a dog to be neutered between five and seven months of age. But new research shows that owners of larger dogs (Golden Retrievers, Labs, etc) should wait until the dog is at least 1 year old in order to prevent joint issues down the road. The idea of neutering earlier is due to the fact that high levels of testosterone can cause unwanted behavioral problems, so a dog should be neutered before he reaches sexual maturity. Neutering earlier than this isn’t recommended, because younger dogs may be at more risk from going under general anesthetic. In addition, dogs neutered earlier than five months of age might have increased chances of developing hip dysplasia and cranial cruciate ligament rupture, particularly if they’re of a breed more predisposed to these conditions. However, if your dog is older than this, he can still be neutered. Will a Dog Change When He’s Neutered? Some people avoid neutering their dog because they think it will change their beloved pooch too much, but this is a fallacy. There may be some changes to your dog after he has been neutered, but there’s more to it than that. Neutering will only change any behaviors that your dog exhibits as a result of his hormones. These are the kinds of behaviors that are generally viewed as undesirable and include urine marking, aggression toward other male dogs, and humping or mounting other dogs, people, or inanimate objects. Having your dog neutered won’t change his personality, working abilities, or how friendly or playful he is. Related: Why Spaying and Neutering Your Dog Is Necessary Is Neutering a Serious Procedure? Neutering is a less serious procedure than spaying (female sterilization), as the veterinary surgeon won’t need to cut into any of your dog’s body cavities to perform it. However, there’s always a risk when a dog goes under general anesthetic. Your dog should be able to come home on the same day as the surgery’s performed and will probably be back to his normal self the next day. However, he will have to take it easy (and wear the cone of shame) until his stitches are taken out. What Are the Pros of Neutering? Neutering your dog has a number of benefits. From a medical standpoint, if his testes have been removed, then it means he can’t get testicular cancer. It also reduces the chances of him contracting prostate cancer and having other prostate related problems. Neutering can help to reduce some common behavioral problems, such as aggression toward other dogs and roaming to find female dogs in heat. However, it’s important to note that neutering isn’t a quick fix for any and all behavior issues. Of course, there’s the obvious benefit of making sure that your dog can’t father any unwanted puppies. Related: Spay And Neuter Options What Are the Cons of Neutering? Although it’s uncommon for there to be any problems, occasionally going under anesthetic can harm your dog. This is less common in younger, healthy dogs, but talk to your vet if you have any concerns. There’s a slightly increased risk of osteosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma in neutered dogs. Neutered dogs can be a little more prone to gaining weight, but as long as you feed your pooch a healthy diet and give him enough exercise this shouldn’t be a problem. As well, recent research as shown that if you neuter a large dog too soon, he may suffer from joint problems in the future.

All About Self-Insurance For Dogs

Are you a good candidate for self-insurance for dogs? If you think about it, insuring your dog is like betting that she will get sick or injured. That’s not to say that it’s not wise to prepare for the worst, but there is a chance that you could insure your dog for her entire life and never have to claim on the insurance. Of course, it’s great that your dog didn’t need any serious veterinary treatment, but it means that you’ve ultimately paid out thousands of dollars and got nothing in return. This is why many owners are turning to self-insurance as a viable option. What is Self-Insurance? Self-insurance is when you take insurance into your own hands. Rather than paying into an insurance policy each month, you put the money aside yourself. This could be into a savings account or simply under a loose floorboard. Whatever works for you. This means that, when your darling dog’s days are sadly up, if she never had any medical problems, you’re left with a lump sum. If she does need veterinary attention at any point, you pay the bills from the fund you’ve set up. This means that there’s no chance you’ll pay out all that money for nothing. What if Your Dog Injures Someone or Causes and Accident? One big issue that you have to take into consideration if you decide to go with self insurance is that you’re liable for your pet’s actions. If your dog caused someone an injury or damaged someone’s property, it would be your responsibility to pay the bill. If your dog somehow injured someone badly enough to stop them from working (it wouldn’t necessarily be intentional, even the most well-behaved dog could cause an accident, for instance if she ran into the road), this bill could add up to millions. Even if you decide to self-insure, it’s wise to take out a cheap third party policy, as well, just in case! What if Your Dog Gets Sick Before You’ve Saved Enough? Another potential worry is that you won’t save up enough money before your pet becomes ill or injured. A young dog is just as susceptible to veterinary issues as an older dog, so if your pup racks up a large vet bill within the first year or two of her life, you might not have put by enough to cover the costs. One possible solution is to start out putting in larger payments each week or month, then reduce them once you’ve saved a decent chunk of cash, or to start off the fund with a big lump sum (of at least thousand dollars or so), if you can afford it. It could also be an issue if your dog develops a serious chronic illness, as this might eat up several hundred dollars each month for the rest of her life. Is it a Good Idea? While self-insurance might seem like a good idea, it does have its down sides. If you don’t at least have some sort of third party insurance, you could get saddled with a hefty amount of debt. Plus, imagine if your pooch got sick before you’d saved up enough to pay her veterinary bills. You’d ultimately be left with a very nasty decision to make. If you’re wealthy enough that you could afford to pay a large vet bill if you had to, or at least would be prepared to put the bill on a credit card, then it might be okay, but for most people, self insurance is probably too risky.

All About Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs

You may not have known, but dogs do have elbows! And breeds of all sizes can be prone to elbow dysplasia in dogs. You probably don’t think of your dog having elbows – after all, he has legs rather than arms. The truth is, however, that your dog does have elbows and they are prone to a number of problems including elbow dysplasia. Elbow dysplasia in dogs is not a disease but a group of anatomical abnormalities, any of which can affect your pooch’s gait and increase his risk for arthritis. Related: What Is Hip Dysplasia In Dogs? What is Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs? Elbow dysplasia in dogs is not actually a singular disease or condition. Rather, it is a term used to describe any of several abnormalities in a dog’s elbow joint. There are four specific problems that can be included under the umbrella term “elbow dysplasia:” Osteochondrosis dissecansFragmented coronoid processUnunited anconeal processElbow incongruency In order to understand each of these problems, you must first know that there are three bones that make up a dog’s elbow joint: the radius, the ulna, and the humerus. These three bones grow together and, in a healthy dog, they fit together perfectly to form the elbow joint. In cases of elbow dysplasia, however, something goes wrong. Related: All About Joint Supplements For Dogs Osteochondrosis dissecans occurs when a piece of cartilage in the joint either comes loose or pulls away from the surface of the joint – it causes inflammation and can be painful for your dog. A fragmented coronoid process develops when a small piece of the ulna bone breaks off inside the joint, causing irritation to the lining of the joint and wearing away at the cartilage. An ununited anconeal process is characterized by a bony protuberance inside the elbow that detaches and causes irritation and degeneration of the joint. Finally, elbow incongruency is a term that describes an imperfect conformation of the joint which causes cartilage to wear away over time. Symptoms and Treatment Options for Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs The symptoms of elbow dysplasia may vary depending which type your dog has and how far it has progressed. In the beginning, dogs typically exhibit an altered gait in which they paddle their front feet as they walk – some dogs also hold their elbows close to the body as they walk. Other symptoms may include sudden or intermittent lameness, pain, fluid accumulation in the joint, and decreased range of motion. Some dogs will also hold the affected limb away from the body. Treatment options for elbow dysplasia include surgery followed by cold-packing the joint to reduce swelling and pain. Physical therapy may also help to restore normal range of motion, especially since some dogs will be unable to bear weight on the affected limb after surgery. Weight control and healthy diet are important supportive measures to take and medications may help control pain and swelling. Any dog can develop elbow problems, but elbow dysplasia seems to affect larger breeds more often than smaller breeds. Some of the breeds most prone to this condition are retrievers, setters, spaniels, Rottweilers, Shar-Peis, German Shepherds, and Newfoundlands. The condition usually develops between 4 and 10 months, so at the first sign of trouble you should take your dog to the vet.

This Revolutionary Drug Could Help Extend the Lifespan of Dogs

In a groundbreaking trial that is set to launch in the United States, around 1,000 elderly dogs will be given a pill – in the form of a sweet treat – in the hope that their lives will be extended because of it. Behind this innovative work stands Loyal, a startup company based in Silicon Valley. They are currently gathering a number of senior dogs through a well-developed network of veterinary practices in all US states. The tests are set to launch before the end of 2023, after four years of complex studies.In this case, all dogs must be over 10 years old in order to be included in the study. The study itself is set to be a “randomized double-blind placebo trial”. The director of veterinary medicine at Loyal, the company behind this trial, Dr. Brennen McKenzie, said for  Telegraph that this will “probably be the largest clinical trial in veterinary medical history”.“We’re hoping to show that we can both increase the length of life and, more importantly, the length of time these dogs live healthy and happy and functional lives,” McKenzie states. “We’re looking at the length of time that dogs live on the drug and the placebo, hoping to show that we can extend their lifespan and also hoping to show that they develop less disease.”What the study will potentially show is that dogs who receive the drug will live one year longer - on average compared to those who are taking the “placebo” drug. Still, the length of life gained is only one aspect, Dr McKenzie said at the North American Veterinary Community’s Veterinary Innovation Summit in Kansas City. McKenzie also added that increasing health was their number one priority.“We think of lifespan as the amount of time that you live but healthspan is the amount of time that you have good health, good function, good quality of life,” Dr McKenzie said. “That’s clearly the most important thing”.All of this sounds quite “larger than life”, no pun intended. And, of course, with such advanced propositions, the trial drug and its contents are a closely guarded secret, especially due to commercial reasons. This will be the situation until the trial of the drug is finished. And if the drug happens to be as efficient as hoped, Loyal plans to place it on the market immediately, offering an affordable daily supplement that can extend the lives of dogs. “If we get through this four-year trial and we achieve our endpoints, the FDA will license us to sell this as a prescription medication and it will be the first medication ever to extend lifespan in any species,” Dr McKenzie said. “We are absolutely interested in a product that is accessible to the majority of pet owners.”It is worth noting that the drug in question was already proven to be safe for consumption, and there is a low risk of this potential supplement causing any unwanted side effects. Loyal is a company that has two other products in the works, and they are also scheduled to undergo extensive tests. However, work is not yet finished, and one of the two is expected to go on trial around 2026. 

The Season of Giving Begins With A Leap

We're excited to announce a special initiative in celebration of the season of thankfulness and November's Senior Pet Adoption Month. Starting today, Leap Years is offering a free bottle of its daily chewable supplement to anyone who adopts a senior dog (over 5 years old) from a shelter or rescue. All you need is proof of adoption, and while supplies last, your senior pup can start benefiting from Leap Years' formula that has already changed the lives of dogs across the country.

From Woofs to Words: Pet Translation Device Is Just Around the Corner

What would be the first thing you’d ask your dog if they could talk instead of barking? If dogs talked you could learn how much your pooch loves you, or maybe you’d be more interested to know why Fido peed on the carpet, again.Unfortunately, this level of conversation is unlikely to happen any time soon. But recent advances in artificial intelligence and speech and translation technology may bring us one step closer to conversing with our pets.Thanks to AI, scientists are figuring out how to translate animals’ facial expressions and vocalizations into a language understandable to people. In recent years, scientists have been using AI systems to analyze a sheep’s face to determine whether an animal is in pain, and another one is being used to listen to the communication calls of marmoset monkeys.Dr. Con Slobodchikoff, an animal behaviorist and professor of biology at Northern Arizona University is an expert on animal communication. Slobodchikoff has spent 30 years trying to better understand the calls of prairie dogs. Together with a computer scientist colleague, he developed an algorithm that translates the vocalizations of prairie dogs into English. “I thought, if we can do this with prairie dogs, we can certainly do it with dogs and cats,” said Slobodchikoff according to NBC News. Slobodchikoff imagined a cell phone app or device that you could point to a dog to record a video and audio of a dog’s behavior and then upload it for an AI system to analyze. “The AI would translate this for you into English, or any other language,” explained Slobodchikoff. The translation, Slobodchikoff said, could be something like ‘I’m hungry’ or ‘I need to go outside to pee’ or ‘I want to go for a walk.’To teach an AI algorithm about the nuances of canine communication, Slobodchikoff collected thousands of videos of dogs showing various types of body movements and different types of barks. For this to work, Slobodchikoff has to explain to the AI algorithm what each bark and tail wag means. This means that, at this stage, scientists must provide explanations of canine body language and vocalization, which gives room to individual interpretation. However, Slobodchikoff strives to include the growing scientific research that uses data gained from actual experiments rather than guesswork to interpret the true meaning of canine behavior.Being able to understand what dogs are saying would help owners forge stronger bonds with their pets, but also much more. It would make caring for dogs much easier and also help save lives. According to ASPCA, around 920,000 cats and dogs are euthanized each year in the U.S. alone - in many cases, because of misunderstood behavioral problems. For example, a dog that exhibits aggressive behavior might simply be afraid or anxious, and if there was a device to help us understand its fears, it might be possible to help that dog and save its life. “You could use that information and instead of backing a dog into a corner, give the dog more space,” said Slobodchikoff.Keeping track of the advances made in this field, an Amazon-sponsored report on future trends predicted that we’ll have commercial pet translators in the next 10 years. Even if pet translators become a reality, it’s unlikely that we’ll be able to have a real conversation with our pets. But, with the help of this new technology, owners would be able to understand how their dogs feel, including if they are in pain or sick, and what makes them happy or sad.Although more research is needed, we are one step closer to translating barks.

What Do I Do if My Dog Has a Chipped Tooth?

Discovering that your dog is hurt or in pain is a concerning moment for any pet parent, regardless of the injury. But dental injuries can be particularly stressful. If you have ever experienced a toothache, you understand!Whether your pup chipped a tooth during a rough play session with their best furry friend or while gnawing on a hard chew like a bone or antler, any dental damage must be addressed promptly.Read on to learn how to prioritize your dog’s dental health, including identifying if they may be suffering from a broken or chipped tooth, how to address dental damage and tips for preventing a broken tooth before it happens. Your pup will thank you!Common Signs of a Broken or Chipped ToothThe first step to caring for dental problems is to identify that your dog is experiencing an issue. The signs of dental problems vary considerably. While some dogs won’t show any discomfort, others may demonstrate considerable pain. This is due not only to the difference in a dog’s personality and pain threshold but also the spectrum of injuries that fall under the heading of “dental problems.”Broken teeth can be categorized into three groups:Enamel Fractures: Damage only to the enamel of the tooth.Crown Fractures: Damage extends deeper into the tooth, breaking the crown and exposing the pulp.Root Fractures: The root of the tooth has been broken.Unless you inspect your dog’s teeth regularly and spot a problem, we often have to rely on body language and behavioral changes to know there’s a problem. Unfortunately, dogs are very good at hiding pain, so they may be suffering from a problem for a while before we’re aware that there is an issue.Some of the more common signs of a broken or chipped tooth include:Excessive droolingBloody salivaPawing at their muzzleChewing on one side of the mouthReluctancy to eat and kibble or harder-to-chew itemsRefusal to eat at allAvoiding drinking cold waterGrinding teethSwelling in the faceDiscomfort or reluctance to have muzzle touchedWhining or whimpering Not playing as they would normally Sudden or out-of-character aggressive or anxious behaviorTrembling or shaking

Great Dane Sets the Largest Litter Record at North Carolina Rescue

A North Carolina dog gave birth to a litter of puppies and has set a record in the process. Earlier this month, Perfectly Imperfect Pups, a North Carolina foster-based rescue took in a pregnant Great Dane, named Meadow. Two days later, Meadow gave birth to 15 puppies. “It’s the largest litter we have ever seen,” said Nicole Kincaid, the rescue’s founder and director. “We could not believe it when we heard she had 15 puppies, and most of them male! We are so excited for their bright future!”Meadows litter is the largest the rescue has seen since it was founded three years ago. The PIP’s founder and director, Nicole Kincaid, shared that this is also the largest litter she has seen in her 13-year-long rescue career. According to Kincaid, Meadow’s litter is unique for another reason - most of the puppies in the litter are male. “Shockingly enough, we have 12 boys, which is a huge number of boys out of a litter.”PIPs share the news of the record-breaking litter in a Facebook post, writing, “Puppies, puppies, and more puppies! Mamma Meadow and her crew are doing great.”“We are shocked to find out how many puppies she actually had and that all have survived and are doing well,” said Kincaid, according to PEOPLE. “Before being taken in by the Perfectly Imperfect Pups, Meadow had an unsteady past. “She has been passed around to five homes, since giving birth to another litter in February. She was being given away on social media and we reached out, but unfortunately, they gave her away pregnant to someone else.”“Within two days they contacted us and asked if we could still take [Meadow], and of course, we were delighted to take her in,” Kincaid shared. “We got her to our vet the next day, and the day after, she started going into labor.”Meadow is just one of many dogs who had the misfortune of being bounced around from one home to the next. Kincaid shared that this wasn’t Meadow’s fault, saying, “People get a large breed dog, and they don’t realize what they are getting themselves into.”“We are delighted that this will be her final [litter], and her next home will be her forever home,” said Kincaid. “We will also make sure that all 15 puppies go to homes that are experienced with large breed dogs.”For now, Shari Willson, one of the Perfectly Imperfect Pups’ fosters is taking care of Meadow and her pups. The foster mom is supplement feeding the pups in between feedings to make sure all puppies are getting enough food. “Everyone’s gaining weight, everyone’s eating, they are all doing really well,” said Willson.Kincaid praised Meadow’s foster home, saying that her organization “is so proud of our foster parents. They take in dogs without knowing what the next few days or months could bring.”“Taking in a pregnant dog is even more of a challenge because you don’t always know when mom will give birth, how many puppies will be born, or what complications may come along,” she said.The rescue has already received applications and hundreds of messages about adopting Meadow or her puppies when they are old enough to go to their forever homes. All of PIP’s adopters sign a contract in which they commit to taking care of the dog for its entire life and promise to contact the rescue if they can no longer care for them. The rescue’s post-adoption team follows up with the adopters and is available to answer any medical or training-related questions. Mamma Meadow and her pups are going to make wonderful companions and loving dogs to their new families! Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

Mind-Reading Pet Psychics Are a Burgeoning Business

Pet parents pay big bucks to communicate better with their best buddies.

How Much Outdoor Time Does My Dog Need?

Spending time outside is very important for overall physical and mental health, both for humans and animals alike. Our pets, dogs especially, can be quite dependent on the time they spend outdoors. It helps stimulate them, keep them mobile and active, and also helps them spend all that extra energy they have stored which in turn impacts their behavior for the better. But as it is with everything in life, there is always too little and too much of a good thing. So in the end, it does make you wonder – just how much outdoor time does your dog need? And, can you really overdo it? Let’s find out!How Much Outdoor Time Does My Dog Need?The amount of outdoor time your dog needs can vary based on factors such as their breed, age, health, and individual preferences of your dog. It can’t really be the exact same for all dogs out there. Just like humans, some pooches have preferences of their own. Some love to snooze and relax, and aren’t really fans of going outside and zooming about. Others, however, can’t get enough of adventures in the great outdoors. Still, in general, all dogs require at least a small amount of daily outdoor exercise and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy. With that in mind, these are some main factors that could influence the amount of time your pet needs to spend outside of the house:BreedDifferent breeds have different energy levels and exercise requirements. High-energy breeds like Border Collies or Labrador Retrievers may need more outdoor time compared to lower-energy breeds like Bulldogs or Basset Hounds. As you get to know your pet and the specifics of their breed, this too will become apparent. AgeAge plays a major role in dog energy levels. Puppies generally have more energy and may require several short play and exercise sessions throughout the day. Adult dogs on the other hand usually need at least 30 minutes to 2 hours of exercise per day, depending on the breed and individual needs, whereas seniors usually don’t have as much energy so one walk a day will do just fine for a pooch in his golden years.HealthDogs with certain health issues may have specific exercise restrictions. Consult with your veterinarian to determine an appropriate exercise plan for a dog with health concerns. Don’t overdo it with your dog, if the vet prohibits it. The same goes for seniors, who can’t really play all that much outside. SizeDog size is a big factor in determining energy levels and the need for outdoor fun. Smaller breeds may get sufficient exercise with a shorter walk or playtime, while larger breeds might need longer and more vigorous activities.Individual PreferencesSome dogs are more active and enjoy activities like fetching, running, or hiking, while others may be content with a shorter walk or playtime in the yard. On the other hand, some breeds, due to their inherent traits, might love relaxing outside, even when it's chilly. Others, though, will love the warmth and coziness found indoors. 

Study Confirms Dogs Prefer Food Over Toys

If someone asked you to pick between your favorite toy or your favorite food, what would you choose? If your answer is food, you’re not alone - researchers have found that dogs prefer their favorite food over their favorite toy. It’s no secret that dogs like playing with their toys, but the goal of this new study was to determine whether toys make an effective training reward.In the first study of its kind, researchers from the University of Florida found that nine out of 10 dogs will choose food over toys. For the purposes of this study, researchers used social media advertisement and word-of-mouth to recruit 10 dogs from the local area. The dogs participating in the study come from a range of breeds, including two German shepherds, a labrador, a German shorthaired pointer, and six mixed breeds. Researchers allowed the dogs to pick their favorite food and favorite toy. Each dog was shown six food items - including a hotdog, cheese, carrot, hard dog treat, soft dog treat, and kibble - and six toys -  such as a ball, squeak toy, bone, tug toy, stuffed animal, and empty plastic water bottle. Each dog had an opportunity to pick their favorite food and favorite toy. During the next phase of the experiment, the dogs were given progressively more difficult tasks to get a reward. The dogs were rewarded with either their favorite food or favorite toy. The researchers discovered that nine out of 10 dogs gave up on the task earlier when rewarded with their favorite toy, as opposed to when given their favorite food. These findings show that dogs are more motivated to work for food than toys.Previous studies have shown that dogs prefer human attention to food but, until now, there has been little research into how dogs rank their favorite toys. “I was surprised, but nobody’s looked at how dogs will work for toys versus food before,” said Dr. Nicol Dorey, the lead author of the study.The researchers hope that these new findings could be useful for dog owners trying to train their dogs. “Understanding a dog’s preferred reward can be essential for shaping behavior effectively,” concluded the researchers.Some dog trainers recommend using toys instead of treats while training, to prevent excess calorie intake and to keep the training more fun for the dog. If you decide to train your puppy using toys, the key is not to offer food at any step of the training. “You can definitely train your dog with toys if you start really early,” Dr Dorey said. “This is what’s done with search and rescue dogs, they start really early with toys as a reinforcer.”The researchers noted that more research is needed, especially since human attention acts as a strong reinforcer when training dogs. “I think the next study should look at all three - attention, food, and toys - and what dogs really like the best when training,” said Dr Dorey. Regardless of what the next study finds, I’m sure my pooch would pick food over me and toys any day of the week. What about your dog -  are they team food or team toys?

Half of Americans Believe Pets Steal the Spotlight During Holidays

A survey revealed that nearly half of Americans (43%) think their loved ones are more excited to see their pets on the holidays than they are to see them. This survey involved 2,000 cat and dog owners and was conducted by One Poll on behalf of Nulo. According to results, 32% of surveyed owners admit they are more delighted to see a friend’s or family member’s pet than they are to see them. Surprisingly, 20% of dog owners think their pets love the holiday season more than they do.What’s not so surprising, is that almost half of respondents (48%) do something special for their pet during the happiest time of year. This includes buying custom ornaments or decorations (64%), dressing their pets in holiday clothing or pajamas (60%), getting their pet their own Christmas tree (49%), and stocking (47%).Half of pet owners like to give their four-legged companions extra treats during the holiday season, and 45% admit they dole out more treats to their pets at Christmas than during any other time of the year. In addition to extra treats, more than two-thirds of pets are likely to be treated with a special holiday meal. This survey also found that the majority of pet parents believe that their pets enjoy the hustle and bustle of holidays and are looking forward to the influx of visitors during the holiday season. Begging for attention, welcoming guests, and playing with a new holiday toy are some of the ways owners know that their pets are in the festive mood.Nearly half of responders give their pets gifts for Christmas. Those owners, on average, spend more than $100 on three gifts for their pets.Most owners decide to gift their pet toys (61%), clothes (59%), and treats (56%).Interestingly, this survey also looked at which family members are the most likely to spoil the pet. The results showed that the owner’s brother is the most likely to buy a present for the pet, followed by the owner’s parents. Surprisingly, 36% of grandfathers buy gifts for their four-legged grandchildren, compared to 34% of grandmothers. “Healthy treats and special occasion meals are a great way to involve your dog or cat in fun holiday moments - and can add a nutritional boost as a bonus,” said Heather Mendoza, Nulo’s Director of Research & Development, according to New York Post. It’s great to see that pet owners are offering their pets special meals that mimic their own holiday feasts. The holiday season provides the opportunity for quality time and special experiences with our families, including finding more ways to show love and affection to our furballs, she added.In addition to gifts, more cuddles, and treats, pets are also spoiled more during the holiday season by having their special person at home with them. Nearly half of respondents admit to going on more walks and adventures with their pets during the holidays. Interestingly, 40% of owners report that their pets also get to sleep more.Considering that almost all American pet owners consider their pets a part of the family, it’s no surprise that pets partake in holiday traditions. The majority of owners bring their pets to celebrations at other people’s homes. Pets are also involved in “opening the presents” and even go to meet the Santa. “Results showed that 40% of respondents believe Christmas is their pet’s favorite holiday - far ahead of the second favorite (New Year’s Day) at 19%,” said Mendoza. And if you still haven’t found a perfect gift for your pet, don’t despair! Check out our detailed holiday gift guide for cats and dogs to find the best holiday present for your four-legged companion. Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

San Juan Puerto Rico’s Iconic Stray Felines to Be Evicted

One-year deadline imposed by the US National Park Service to shift almost 200 cats from 16th-century El Morro fortress.

Pet Safety Tips for the Holiday Season

The holiday season is here, and you’re probably excited about everything that this festive time of year has to offer. But even though you might be focused on being with the people you love, eating delicious food, and sharing gifts, it’s important to also consider the effects the holidays can have on your pets.To help you enjoy a safe and happy holiday season with your furbabies, here’s a list of holiday safety tips for pets.

What to Do If Your Dog Ingested Something They Shouldn't?

It’s no secret dogs are nosy – especially when they suspect food is involved. They’ll have no problem jumping on the counter, digging through trash, or “sneakily” stealing stuff off your coffee table if given a chance. Not only that this type of behavior can be really irritating for the owner, but it is also downright dangerous. Dogs can easily swallow something that could cause serious health issues – a tiny object that can cause choking, a hazardous chemical, or some human food that is poisonous to them. In either of these cases, the owner should be prepared and alert as acting quickly is crucial when your pet eats something that they shouldn’t have. But what exactly do you need to do if this happens? What is the course of action to help a dog who ingested something they simply should not? Let’s go over it.What to Do If Your Dog Ingested Something They Shouldn't: Step By Step ExplainedIf your dog has ingested something they shouldn't have, it's important to act quickly. Every second counts in this case so don’t panic even if that’s your first instinct. Going into panic mode never helps and can only make things worse. Instead, try to assess the situation and figure out what has been ingested so you can act accordingly. Here are some general guidelines to follow, but keep in mind that you should always consult with your veterinarian for advice tailored to your specific situation.It is imperative to stay calm. It's understandable to feel scared and panicked, but it's crucial to stay composed. Panicking can make it difficult to think clearly and take appropriate action. Take a deep breath, strengthen your resolve and act.Always try to identify the substance or item ingested, if it’s possible to do so very quickly. This information can be helpful for your veterinarian to provide accurate advice. Do you notice any small objects missing? Any open containers or something similar? Quickly try to find the clues.It goes without saying that it is always crucial to call your veterinarian immediately. Provide them with details about what your dog ingested, the amount, and any symptoms your dog is experiencing. After all, they are professionals who know how to deal with these situations in an efficient manner and will give you the guidelines suited to your situation.Keep in mind not to induce vomiting. Inducing vomiting can be dangerous in some situations and should only be done under the guidance of a veterinarian. Certain substances or items can cause more harm if brought back up. Unless instructed otherwise, don’t do it.Disperse with the panic and fears, and follow the advice of your veterinarian to the letter. Your veterinarian will provide specific instructions based on the substance ingested. Follow their advice carefully, whether it involves inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal, or other measures.It is important to monitor your dog and their behavior. Keep a close eye on them for any changes in behavior, signs of distress, or dangerous symptoms. Be prepared to provide this information to your veterinarian. Sometimes, nothing will show at first, but could later on. In some cases, your veterinarian may recommend immediate action, such as going to an emergency veterinary clinic. Follow their advice promptly, or if you see that your dog is in danger, do so as fast as possible.

Scientists Uncover Secrets of Extinct "Wooly Dog" Breed

Throughout history, dogs have played several key roles in the lives of people globally. They have hunted, worked, and provided for us, forever weaving them into the fabric of human existence. We often use this knowledge to better understand our modern dogs by reflecting on their original purpose as a breed. Unfortunately, not every breed continues to thrive among us today.The Coast Salish wooly dog was a unique breed, kept by the First Nations people throughout the Pacific Northwest, including Vancouver Island, for its fleece-like coat. A new study reveals insights into the history of the now-extinct breed.Unlike most animals at that time in history, the dog was kept in pens and longhouses. This was done to prevent the dogs from mixing with village and hunting dogs, preserving the breed and the fleece it provided.“They were sheared like sheep, and the wool was woven into blankets,” recounted Eliot White-Hill of the Snuneymuxw First Nation. “Blankets were like currency in our economy prior to contact and some of the most important things you could own and give away as gifts.”The dogs were fed a diet of fish and elk and were seen as beloved family members.“It’s not just a dog – it’s a relative. It has enormous spiritual power, conveyed in its wool,” explained Michael Pavel, an elder of the Skokomish-Twana tribe and one of the study's authors. “Imagine being able to receive the gift of wool fiber, being able to learn to weave that into yarn, into an entity, or a blanket or robe that you could wrap yourself in the coldest of winter and feel the warmth of those prayers. That’s how we look at it, and we can now enjoy a scientific view, as well.”Unfortunately, the breed did not survive colonization. It’s not clear exactly what caused the demise of the Coast Salish wooly dog – the introduction of European dog breeds, rules enforced on First Nations people during assimilation and displacement, or smallpox epidemics being a few of the hypothesized factors.But thanks to the preserved pelt of a wooly dog named Mutton, who died in 1859, researchers can now learn a little more about the unique DNA of the dog, its lineage, and insight into the breeding practices of local Indigenous communities.Researchers compared DNA from Mutton’s pelt to that of a separate non-wooly village dog that lived and died in the same region at approximately the same time.While the information gathered from the study did not offer any conclusive answers about the disappearance of the breed, it did hypothesize that the Indian Act of 1876 played a critical role as it would have directly impacted the ability of Indigenous women to pass on valuable knowledge about caring for the dogs and weaving necessary to its survival.On a positive note, the study did support historical facts shared by First Nations people in that area – a valuable piece of the puzzle as many work to reclaim the traditions of their ancestors.“It brought a large group of people together that reaffirmed for us the history we know,” stated Violet Elliott, also of the Snuneymuxw First Nation. “It was a gift of collaboration with other nations.”

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