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Canine Family Tree Maps the Evolution of ‘New World Dog’

Lori Ennis
by Lori Ennis
April 28th, 2017 12:00 AM
canine family tree maps the evolution of new world dog
An expansive map following the genetic sequences of 161 modern breed dogs provides new evidence that shows canines traveled with humans across the Bering land bridge over 15,000 years ago.


The largest canine family tree ever has been released, mapped by the analyzation of gene sequences of over 160 dog breeds, and it shows what we’ve always known to be true of our faithful friends–they’d follow us to the ends of the earth. The map, a result of a study done by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, represents the relationship between breeds and suggests the types of dogs that people crossbred to create the modern breeds we have today.


Related: Researchers Discover Gene Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Dogs


The research also suggests that an ancient type of dog, or ‘New World Dog,’ was present in the Americas thousands of years before Columbus ever arrived, and was replaced with ‘Old World Dogs’ from European colonists as they arrived.


Dr. Heidi Parker, a biologist with the NIH and study co-author, says that where most popular United States breeds are of European descent, probably as a result of European colonization, the mapping reveals evidence that breeds from Central and South America may actually be descendants of the ‘New World Dog.’ The ‘New World Dog’ is thought to be an ancient subspecies that came across the Bering Strait with the forefathers of Native Americans thousands of years before the Europeans came. Researchers believe some breeds like the Peruvian Hairless Dog are descendents of that ‘New World Dog.’


Dr. Parker says that the mapping shows there are groups of American dogs that are separate from European breeds, and may have New World Dog data hidden in their genomes.


Related: Embark to Test DNA in Dogs For Possible Future Diseases


The research found also found some interesting breed connections. For instance, the mapping shows that dogs who were bred to do similar jobs, such as those in herding and working groups, don’t necessarily have the same genetic origins as one might think. In fact, where you’d think that all working dogs or all herding dogs were related in ancient genes, this new information shows that simply isn’t the case. In hindsight,that makes sense, as different dogs would need different functions to herd different types of animals, and therefore have different crosses bred in ancestrally.
Predictably, though, dogs like retrievers and setters were close on the family tree, as were spaniels, in that for the most part, their European backgrounds were not cross-bred for much more.
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Lori Ennis
Lori Ennis

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Study: Dogs Have Adapted Their Genes To Evolve With Humans

Scientists in China have discovered evidence that suggests dogs and humans have more in common than may have been previously known. Dogs have traveled with man for thousands of years, as protectors, hunters and companions. They’ve adapted as humans have, and now scientists believe that dogs developed protection from malaria in a similar manner to the way people of West Africa have. Related: Canine Family Tree Maps the Evolution of ‘New World Dog‘ Researchers from Yunnan University found that a small change in the genes of dogs most likely helped boost their genetic immune response to malaria. The specific gene is called ADGRE1 and it has also been associated with protection from malaria in humans. What scientists believe this also reinforces is that dogs and humans have both evolved in a convergent manner–adapting to new environments independently but with similar traits. According to another study a few years ago, convergent evolution is also demonstrated in the altitude adaptation of Tibetans and their dogs. Tibetans adapt to low levels of oxygen because they have a special version of a gene called ESPA1. When oxygen levels in Tibetans drop, the ESPA1 gene turns other genes on to help. Similarly, dogs in Tibet also have a mutation in the ESPA1 gene that acts similarly in response to low oxygen levels. This information was found a few years ago by another team in China. The data of this study suggests that dogs’ genes changed over time and adapted to the West African diet similar to the adaptation West African humans did. The genes are involved in insulin secretion and sensitivity and they also have mutations that help protect from tropical sunlight intensity–just as the peoples’ genes have. The researchers gained this information from local dogs, often found on the street, of Nigeria. Many dogs of the Congo, Liberia and Guinea are similar in looks and breed–skinny and brown. Researcher Ya-Ping Zhang looked at the genomes of 15 local Nigerian dogs and compared them to those of European bred and Asian dogs. Related: Study: Modern Dog Domesticated From Single Event 40,000 Years Ago Those dogs are similar to the African breed Basenji, who have adapted to West Africa by building up resistance to illnesses that resemble malaria just as their human counterparts have. Which just goes to show that dogs really will do just about anything for their humans…even change their DNA!

Study: Modern Dog Domesticated From Single Event 40,000 Years Ago

Researchers from Stony Brook University claim that modern dog was domesticated only once, anywhere from 20,000 and 40,000 years ago. This new research combats previous conclusions from a 2016 study that said the modern dog was a product of two domestications. It also suggests the timing of that domestication event to have happened approximately 40,000 years ago. Lead author and paleontologist Krishna Veermah says that there are very differing theories about the origin of the modern dog and its domestication, with various branches of science staking claim in different camps. Contradictory or incomplete evidence has led to some of these opposing viewpoints, Veeramah says, with dog-like remains dating back 35,000 years ago but an undisputed dog jawbone fossil that is only about 14,700 years old existing. Related: Scientists Say Russian Islanders were World’s First Dog Breeders Geneticists have found data that claim all modern dogs of today’s ancestors’ split into two populations of dogs–East Asian breeds and breeds that led to European, Central and South Asian and African dogs of today. The problem is that no science has been able to precisely date that split of breed populations, and many researchers still disagree as to whether there was one domestication of modern dogs of today or two. This new research helps clarify the domestication timing and also weighs in on whether or not modern dogs had one or two origins throughout history. Veeramah and his co-researchers looked at genomes from dog fossils found in parts of Germany, ranging in time periods of 4, 700-7,000 years ago, as well as data that came from a 5,000-year-old dog specimen from Ireland. They compared that ancient genetic data with the genetic information from over 5,500 canids that included wolves and dogs. What they concluded was that dogs and wolves most likely split genetically anywhere between 36,900 and 41,500 years ago with the split between eastern and western dob breeds occurring between 17,500 and 23,900 years ago. The researchers believe that domestication of dogs had to have happened during those time periods, therefore concluding domestication of dogs as we know them happened between 20,000 and 40,000 years ago. This research suggests that a case for dual-origin domestication, as was suggested by a 2016 study, is unnecessary, as no one still really knows where dogs were domesticated, and the need for dual-origin domestication theory does not exist. Related: Canine Family Tree Maps the Evolution of ‘New World Dog‘ Dr. Veeramah says that the ancient dogs of his study were of the same time period as that previous research, and they were very similar to modern European (and mostly domesticated) dogs, suggesting that there was only one domestication event that happened from the Stone Age until now. Dr. Veeramah and his colleagues know that their research, which will be published in Nature Communications, doesn’t necessarily prove where the modern dog came from, or when he came to be, but stands as a basis for the addition of other ancient samples from around the world to give a better overall picture of the origin and population history of today’s modern dog. Dr. Veeramah’s research focus is primarily on ancient humans, but says that more ancient dog DNA and information about modern dog origination can help him better in his research on humans, as dogs and humans share important intertwined histories.

Chesapeake Bay Retriever

Chesapeake Bay Retriever Basics For many people, understanding dogs is simple. They find a friendly, loyal, easy-to-get-along with breed like the Golden Retriever or Labrador Retriever and they’ll never want for a good friend again. But for the dog lover who appreciates all sorts of breeds, the Retriever doesn’t only sporty, friendly dog most of us grew up learning about. There’s more to the retriever story, and one only has to travel to the United States – and the Chesapeake Bay Retriever, specifically – to find it. Of course, by now you know we’re referring to the Chesapeake Bay Retriever, perhaps one of the great under-appreciated dog breeds out there. You won’t have to look far to find a quality dog after you’ve encounter a Chesapeake Bay Retriever or two; many times, whether you live on your own or with a family, a great Chesapeake Bay Retriever will be exactly what you’ve been looking for in a dog. The uniquely American heritage and breeding is a benefit to those of us who keep our dog breeds simply and domestic. Here’s a little bit more about this great breed of dog that more people should be talking about. The Chesapeake Bay Retriever is a classic retriever when it comes to behavior and training. Origin You don’t have to be a rocket scientist or, more fittingly, a dog historian to figure out where the Chesapeake Bay Retriever hails from. It’s not a trick question: the Chesapeake Bay Retriever does indeed trace the origins of its unique breed to the Chesapeake bay on the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. What’s unique about the origins of the Chesapeake Bay Retriever, however, is that you can trace their lineage to two very specific dogs. These dogs, named Sailor and Canton, were brought to Maryland at the dawn of the 19th century and bred with other dogs in order to create a breed unique in and of itself. These two dogs weren’t Chesapeake Bay Retrievers, but they were known as Newfoundland dogs, which suggest that you can indeed trace the history of the Chesapeake Bay Retrieve further back if you want. The retriever has become a favorite in the Maryland and Chesapeake Bay area, even becoming Maryland’s state dog in 1964. If the history of Sailor and Canton is ever challenged, we at least know that the breed was recognized as its own in the late 19th century, not unlike many breeds we would consider “older” than the Chesapeake Bay Retriever.

These Apps Can Help Detect Pain in Cats

September is Animal Pain Awareness Month, so it’s a great time to learn the signs that your cat might be experiencing pain or discomfort. But, in addition to keeping an eye on your kitty’s posture, body language, and behavior, consider using some of the latest apps that can help you determine if your pet isn’t feeling well.

Afghan Hound

Afghan Hound Basics One of the oldest dog breeds and certainly one of the more “aristocratic” breeds, the Afghan Hound has become known as a sort of “king of dogs” for its appearance, general demeanor, and general nobility as a breed. Very well-suited for dog showing, these dogs are gentle and respond well to that type of attention. The Afghan Hound’s coat is remarkable, although it requires plenty of grooming. When an Afghan Hound walks in the room, people certainly take notice. There is a lot to learn about the Afghan Hound, as it has a particularly rich and ancient history and have several aspects of its personality that make it a unique dog. Considered better-suited for older children who understand how to interact with dogs, it will not be a dog for everyone. People who need a versatile working dog, for example, can probably find a better breed in the Bouvier des Flandres than they can in the Afghan Hound. Let’s learn more about this dog and what makes it part of dog breed royalty. The Afghan Hound is known as “king of dogs” for its appearance, general demeanor, and general nobility as a breed. Origin Originally hailing from areas like the Sinai Peninsula (the Afghan Hound was even mentioned/portrayed in ancient Egyptian papyrus and were painted in Afghan caves as far back as 4,000 years ago), there’s no denying the ancient origins of the Afghan Hound. Despite this long history, the breed has remained relatively pure, which means the modern deviations are not far off of the historical Afghan Hounds. As a sighthound (a dog that hunts by sight rather than necessarily using scents or the nose), the Afghan Hound has a rich history of working that its appearance might not convey. It has been both used as a shepherd and hunter, hunting down game such as deer and goats. With a thick coat, they were able to function in extreme seasons, which gives them a general outdoor versatility one would not necessarily expect. The Afghan Hound is generally considered an original without much of a pedigree to speak of… or, rather, it is one of those rare breeds that can be considered its own pedigree. Pedigree Because the Afghan Hound is such an old breed of dog, its pedigree is essentially zilch – there’s not a lot known about it. Historians can discern some hypothesis, knowing the areas where the Afghan Hound probably originated. But beyond that, the Afghan Hound is generally considered an original without much of a pedigree to speak of… or, rather, it is one of those rare breeds that can be considered its own pedigree. Food / Diet The food you give to your Afghan Hound will not be untypical for that of most dog breeds, but many people try different foods in order to “treat” the Afghan Hound’s coat – people who show their Afghan Hound, in particular. You don’t have to take any special precautions in your dog’s diet beyond assuring essential nutrition and a general food level that keeps the dog at a healthy weight.

Miniature Husky

Miniature Husky Basics We all love Siberian Huskies. They are amongst the most gorgeously majestic of all dog breeds. To even gaze at the sight of these beautiful wolf-like creatures, is to fall in love with them. The only problem is that Siberian Husky’s derive so much of their power and beauty from their sheer scale. These dogs are big boys and need the space to live out their big boy life. Not every doggo lover who desires a Siberian Husky has the space for one. Fortunately for those folks, there is a solution. If you love the look of a Siberian Husky but can’t handle the size and energy of the breed, the Miniature Husky might be more your speed. These dogs have the appearance and temperament of the Siberian Husky but they are much smaller and more manageable. Naturally, these petite pooches are also a great option for people who live in an apartment. They’ll be perfectly content living in a home without a big yard- as long as you provide exercise otherwise. Don’t expect these miniature huskies to have miniature desires for exercise. That would be a mistake. These adorable little guys can wear you out. As a compact version of the Siberian Husky, these adorable dogs display all the traits of their bigger counterparts. While this includes a lot of lovable quirks, you should be prepared to deal with a few less than desirable qualities. Miniature Huskies might be cute, but they will be loud, they will be difficult to train and they are notorious escape artists. Unless you’ve had previous experience with active, strong-willed dogs, these petite doggos might not be the best pet for you. They might small in stature, but this little pups have big personalities and will make big demands on their owners. This is a decision to take quite seriously. Of course, if you’re willing to properly train and socialize these beautiful canines, you will be in for a real treat. Mini Huskies (also known as the Miniature Siberian Husky) are a loving and energetic breed. They are always eager to spend time with their families, especially if it involves a game. In case you are looking for an entertaining and engaging dog, the Miniature Husky may be right for you. You’ll never be board when your Mini Husky is around, for better or worse. These dogs have the appearance and temperament of the Siberian Husky but they are much smaller and more manageable than their super-sized brethren. Origin The first Miniature Husky was bred by Bree Normandin during the 1990s. Normandin’s goal was to achieve a smaller version of the Siberian Husky, so she selectively bred standard huskies that were exceptionally small. This is the same breeding practice used to breed Miniature Huskies today. These pups don’t just pop up naturally. They need to be carefully bred by specialists. Related: 10 Best Harnesses For Miniature Huskies Pedigree

Top 10 Spices And Herbs That Are Safe For Dogs

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Top 10 Dog Breeds With the Strongest Bite

Have you ever wondered what dog breed has the strongest bite? We’ve tracked down the top 10 canines with the most powerful chompers, according to PSI ratings.Let’s face it, a dog’s mouth is like the Swiss Army Knife of pooch tools. He picks up his toys with it, eats with it, pries open the garbage lid, rips into the treat bag, drools, barks, smiles and licks…. But he can also bite with it when he feels distressed, personally threatened or that a pack member may be in trouble and while some will nip to warn off, others pack a little more punch.But how much is that “little more” exactly? To find that out, we’ve relied on – you’ve guessed it – science. The value we’ve focused on is PSI (pound-force per square inch). This is what is used to measure a dog’s bite force and to give you just a little context, humans have a PSI of about 120-140, a Grey Wolf about 406 and a Grizzly bear lands in the 1,250 PSI range. Thanks to research, we know that is the bite force of different breeds and we were able to compare them, creating this list of top 10 canines with the strongest bite in the world. Without further ado, let’s see where do our canine friends fall and which of them have the strongest bite! Kangal – 743 PSI

Black Mouth Cur

Black Mouth Cur BasicsNot everyone wants a tiny little pup that they can fit in their pocket. That’s great for many dog owners, but some want something different. Some want a dog that feels more like a roommate. A dog that makes their presence known just by walking into a room. A dog that will fit into a passenger seat of your car more easily than your handbag. A dog that sometimes feels like he’s taking you for a walk. If you are in the market for a rugged and strongly muscled working dog, then look no further than the Black Mouth Cur. This breed is a medium-to-large sized dog that is named after the black coloration on its muzzle. This is a serious dog for serious dog owners.Black Mouth Curs are often referred to as “multitalented” dogs because they can be trained for a variety of tasks including hunting, herding, and general utility. Yet, they aren’t just dogs who are bred to work. Black Mouth Curs also make great family pets! This attractive and intelligent breed is an excellent option for families with or without children because they form very strong bonds with their humans and they respond well to training. Even so, these energetic and driven dogs are not a good choice for first-time dog owners, as they need a firm hand and someone who can keep up with their zest. This is a dog for those who are serious about their pets and will make their Black Mouth Cur the latest addition to their pawesome family.If you are looking for a rugged, strongly muscled working dog then look no further than the Black Mouth Cur.OriginThe exact origins of the Black Mouth Cur are unknown, but it is thought to have been developed from various ancient European and Asian cur-type dogs. What is known is that the breed was developed in the Southern United States as an all-purpose farm dog and that the breed has become fairly widespread since the 19th century. These pups have a long and rich history as working dogs on farms and they serve their masters well. While some believe the term “cur” implies a mixed breed dog, the Black Mouth Cur is actually purebred. Some of the breeds from which the Black Mouth Cur may have been developed include the Southern Black Mouth Cur originating in Alabama, the Foundation Black Mouth Cur from Texas, and the Ladner Yellow Black Mouth Cur that came from Mississippi. There is a rich history to this beloved animal.Pedigree

Is It Okay to Have Sex in Front of Your Dog?

Birds do it, bees do it – hey, it’s natural! But it can be hard to do when someone is watching you. That’s why you may ask if it’s okay to have sex in front of your dog. Your dog is your best friend and you are his. He loves you more than he loves anything in the world, so you shouldn’t be surprised if he acts a little possessive from time to time. But some dogs take it too far. For some dogs, even the simple act of someone hugging their owner can seem like a threat. Dogs don’t always understand human body language or our actions, so they can easily be confused. But how does your dog feel when you’re having sex? What does he make of it all? Keep reading to find out. Related: Planned Parenthood Uses Pussycats For New Sex Education Videos What is Your Dog Thinking? If you’re a pet owner, you’ve probably had experiences where your dog showed up in the middle of a situation at an inconvenient time. Perhaps it’s when you’ve just cleaned the floor and he chooses that moment to run across it with muddy paws. Things like this happen but you probably aren’t concerned about it, much less bothered by it. But when you find your dog staring at you having sex, it can be a little unsettling. Related: Having the Awkward Talk About Cats Humping Though your dog may not understand exactly what you’re doing, he has some sense of what’s happening and could react in one of several ways. Animal communication experts suggest that dogs see sex as an exchange of energy and, perhaps more importantly, as a redirection of your attention away from the dog and onto someone else. For some dogs, this can trigger jealousy or incite some kind of territorial reaction. That’s when your dog starts to act a little creepy. For some dogs, they just see sex as a form of activity or play that they want to be part of. So, they jump on the bed or whine at you until you give in and give them the attention they’re craving. What Should You Do? If you don’t like having your dog around while you have sex, simply close the bedroom door or put him in another room. This is a simple enough solution that works well in most cases. In other cases, however, the dog can become very territorial and protective of his owner, sometimes going so far as to step into the moment and try to break things up. If this happens on a regular basis, you may need to consult an animal behavior expert to work with your dog. Generally speaking, there is nothing wrong with having sex in front of your dog. What really matters is now you feel about it. If it doesn’t bother you and if it doesn’t seem to bother your dog, there’s no reason to make a change. If your dog starts becoming dominant or territorial, however, that is another matter and an issue you may need to address. Sometimes it’s difficult for dog owners to understand their dog’s behavior. Put yourself in your dog’s shoes for a moment and consider what he might be thinking when he sees you having sex. Perhaps you’d rather not think about it at all, but you should still know that your dog isn’t getting any kind of strange enjoyment out of it – he’s simply curious or concerned.

Yorkie Bichon

Yorkie Bichon BasicsWant to conjure up an image of pure adorableness within your brain? Who doesn’t?! So try this: imagine combining the adorable Bichon Frise with the irresistible Yorkshire Terrier. Did your heart just melt? How could it not?! Well good news, you don’t have to limit yourself to imagining this remarkably cute hybrid. This incredibly cute little pooch actually exists. In fact, you can even introduce the Yorkie Bichon into your family if you are in search of a super cute pup to call your own. These dogs are real and they will live up to your dreams.In fact, the Yorkie Bichon is more than just a pup with good looks. These dogs have substance to back up their eye candy. They are friendly, fun, and loving. They will fill your heart with joy and slather love all over your family. To bring a Yorkie Bichon into your home is to bring a little fur ball of pure happiness into your life. Sounds perfect, right?So, will you be bringing home one of these pups asap? You’ll want to do the proper research first and fortunately you’ve come to the right place for that. To find out everything that you need to know about the Yorkie Bichon, simply keep your eyes glued to this page and scroll away. Everything is about to be revealed. Read on.The Yorkie Bichon is a cross between a purebred Bichon Frise and Yorkshire Terrier.Origin The Yorkie Bichon is a designer crossbreed from the United States. But, apart from the country he originates from, there’s little else we know about this adorable fluffy dog. Sadly like pretty much all hybrid dogs, there simply isn’t much documentation available about the breed’s history. One of the main reasons why the history of the Yorkie Bichon is so full of mystery is the fact that mixed breed dogs haven’t always been thought of as designer dog breeds. It stands to reason that there have been many accidental mixed breed litters of the Yorkie and Bichon Frise throughout history, way before Yorkie Bichon got his name and status as a hybrid. We’ll never know for sure.However, based on what we already know about the designer dog breeds in general, we can pretty much figure out how it happened for the Yorkie Bichon. It’s highly likely that it shares the origin story with many other designer hybrids from the United States and that it was first developed sometime in the last 20 years. Other than that, we simply don’t know much about how this hybrid came to be. Thankfully, we do know quite a bit about why you need to bring one of these remarkable (and mysterious) pups home.Pedigree

Newfypoo

Newfypoo BasicsLooking for a big pup with an even bigger heart? Then the Newfypoo is the dog for you! This gentle giant will blow you away with his combination of intelligence, playfulness, and a kind heart. The Newfypoo is a large breed designer dog suitable for families that live in a house with a big backyard. These pooches don’t do well in cramped condos, they need plenty of space to burn off all of their excess energy. Since these are really friendly and outgoing dogs, they usually manage to get along with everybody (Well, if they have been properly trained and socialized, that is). For that reason, they can adapt to various families and lifestyles- from active singles to families with kids. The Newfypoo will be happy and content as long as he gets all of the love and attention that he deserves.The Newfypoo is a dog with many names. Depending on who you ask, they are also known as the Newdle, Newfydoodle, Newfiedoo, Newfoundlandpoo, Newfoundlandoodle, Poofoundland, and Newfoundland-Poodle Mix. Naturally, as these alternative names are a bit of a mouthful, so the Newfypoo is currently the only “official” name for the breed. In case the name(s) didn’t already give it away, these large dogs can be a cross between the elegant Poodle and the sweet Newfoundland. As with all crossbreeds, these dogs can be a bit unpredictable in terms of which parent they favor more genetically. However, because the parental breeds in question are quite compatible, you can be certain that you’re getting a smart, gentle, and friendly dog. That will stay the same even if they’re slightly bigger or curlier than you may have expected.It’s hard to resist the charm and looks of a Newfypoo, but you should get to know this breed well before you decide to add one of these precious pooches to your family. Get the facts below so you can make the right choice when you’re ready to add a dog to your household. While every dog is lovable, they aren’t all necessarily the right match for every home.The Newfypoo is a mix between a Poodle and a Newfoundland.OriginWhen it comes to designer dogs, it’s not always possible to know the exact origin of each individual breed. The reason for this is that many of these crossbreeds have existed for ages, albeit as unplanned litters of accidental matings between purebred dogs. Generally speaking, the origin of a designer dog is considered to be the moment when breeders started developing the mix intentionally. For instance, the Newfoundland and Poodle mix was probably made to create a new breed that would be adaptable, friendly, and extroverted with a chance for a low-shedding coat. We can’t know for sure, but that seems like the most likely goal behind this pooch.While we might not know the nitty gritty about the development of this hybrid, the general history of designer dogs tells us a lot about the Newfypoo. It’s probable that the Newfypoo is a designer crossbreed from the United States that had its start sometime in the last 20 years. Beyond that, it’s hard to say specifically where this breed came from.Pedigree

Bernedoodle

We are committed to finding, researching, and recommending the best products. We earn commissions from purchases you make using the retail links in our product reviews. Learn more about how this works. Bernedoodle BasicsIf you are looking for a smart and loyal dog that will be your companion for life, look no further than the Bernedoodle. Also known as the Bernese Mountain Poo, this breed is a combination of the Bernese Mountain Dog and the Poodle. These hybrid fluffy pooches combine the best of both worlds: the intelligence and low shedding coat of the Poodle combined with the laid-back, yet incredibly loyal nature of the Bernese. For anyone who has owned either of those breeds, you’ll know that means that the Bernedoodle is one special pup, who combines the best traits of both parents into one cute package!The goal with crossbreeding these two popular dogs was to create a perfect companion for families of all shapes and sizes that will be both hypoallergenic and possess personality traits that make them ideal pets. That’s why the breeders didn’t stop at first generation mixes, but continued to select and perfect Bernedoodles in different sizes and with slightly different traits. Bernedoodles can vary widely depending on the breeder as there is no set standard for this breed (which is usually the case with all designer dogs). They can range from 10 to 50 pounds in size and can have quite different personalities from wildly energetic to a more stoic and calm demeanor. A lot will depend on which of the parental breeds' genes are more dominant in the mix and whose traits are going to be more apparent – the Poodle’s or the Bernese Mountain Dog’s. Luckily, this also means that there really is a Bernedoodle for every person and it’s hard not to fall in love once these special dogs enter your life.However, while Bernedoodle should ideally be a perfect mix of the parent breeds that only features the best of both worlds, with hybrids there is no guarantee either about their personality or their looks. In a litter of fluffy little Bernese Mountain Poos, all of the puppies might look different from each other and each one of them could have a wildly different temperament as well. For example, your Bernedoodle puppy might take after its Poodle parent more and be a furry brainiac that will learn tricks with ease and have an air of elegance to them. Or they might favor their Swiss ancestry and turn out a bit more stubborn than you’d expect, but with a heart of gold that will make it impossible to get mad at their antics. It’s hard for breeder’s to predict with this tricky hybrid, since there’s no proven “recipe” on how to ensure which breed gets to be more dominant in the mix. On top of the fact that you can’t predict their personality or looks with certainty, depending on the dog’s genetic makeup, they can have health issues more typical for one breed than the other.Related: 10 Best Harnesses For BernedoodlesAlthough there’s still a lot to learn about designer dog breeds, it’s safe to say that we now have a better picture about the Bernedoodle as these hybrid mixes have been around for quite a while now. Their name may sound a little funny, but these dogs make wonderful pets, and they are especially great with children, so they are often the first choice for families with young kids. There’s a reason why this designer breed has grown in popularity so rapidly. These are truly special pups. So, if you are looking for a fluffy dog that will be your companion for life, look no further than the Bernedoodle!

Saint Berdoodle

Saint Berdoodle Basics Some big dogs a giant and intimidating creatures destined for protection. Others are lovable lugs who act more like a big, furry, lovable, and huggable roommate. The Berdoole falls into the second category. This is a dog destined to be bring nothing by smiles and cuddles into your life, despite their massive frame. Smart, social, and affectionate, the Saint Berdoodle is a gentle giant that will charm you in an instant. These friendly dogs have quickly gained popularity, mostly owing to their fluffy teddy bear looks and wonderful personality. They are intelligent, people-oriented, and make good therapy or service dogs, but it’s mostly the role of companionship that they were bred from. These are designer dogs bred for their affection and companionship. To say they deliver on those qualities would be an understatement. Saint Berdoodles inspire joy everywhere they go. As a mixed breed dog that comes from crossbreeding a Standard Poodle with a Saint Bernard, this hybrid will inherit traits from both of his parents. Needless to say, this unusual combination of breeds is attractive to many, mostly because of the potential for the combo of low-shedding coat and intelligence from the Poodle parent, as well as the calmness and sweetness of Saint Bernard. The breed might be too rare and recent to make definite conclusions, but it does seem that the breeders managed to create a new hybrid that inherits some fantastic traits from both mom and dad. The hybrid offers a winning canine combination for any owner. While loving and good natured, the Saint Berdoodle comes in a large size, which means he may not be a good fit for families with extremely young children (it’s far easier to train children to play gently with small and fragile dogs than the other way around). That said, he does do well with other dogs and family pets and his social nature means he loves to be the center of attention. He will not appreciate any other animals stealing away the attention of his owner. Because of this intense need for human interaction, he would do best in a household where he is not left on his own for extended periods of time because he has a destructive side that may surface. Does this designer breed sound like the right dog for you? Read on to find out more about the quirks and needs of the Saint Berdoodle before you adopt one of these big teddy bears. They are wonderful pets to be sure, but whether or not they will fit into your home is another question entirely. So keep your eyes glued to this page and scroll away to find out if the Saint Berdoodle will be coming home with you sometime soon. The Saint Berdoodle does well with other dogs and family pets and his social nature means he loves to be the center of attention. Origin Just like most designer dogs, the origin of the Saint Berdoodle remains unclear. No one knows with certainty when people started intentionally breeding Poodle and Saint Bernard mixes. The key word in that sentence being intentionally. There have probably been accidental crosses of the two breeds throughout history, but they weren’t recognized as a designer dog breed until recently. It’s highly likely that this hybrid was first developed during the 1980s, when designer dog craze first started. Breeders started crossing Poodles with various different breeds to get a new ‘doodle’ mix that would combine the best of both worlds. The Saint Berdoodle was one of the many designer dogs to result from this trend. This hybrid originated in the U.S and while it is a relatively need breed, the Saint Berdoodle’s lineage dates back to 1885 when the St. Bernard was first inducted into the American Kennel Club. Described as patient, friendly and outgoing, this wonderful family dog also shares some genes with the Standard Poodle, which joined the AKC in 1887 but has been around since the 17th century where he was used as a working dog in the military. Just like every other designer dog, the AKC sadly does not recognize the Saint Berdoodle. Pedigree

Paw Reading Is Japan’s Newest Cat Trend

Reading cat paws is a feline version of palmistry which hints that there’s more to your kitty’s jelly beans that just cuteness. When it comes to fantastic feline-related phenomenon, they mostly originate from Japan- just look at cat cafes. It probably won’t come as a surprise, then, that the land of the rising sun has another pawesome thing for cat lovers around the world: guessing kitty personalities based on their paws. Yup, you’ve read that right. Paw reading is now a thing in Japan. It all started when Mr. Akatsuki, a mysterious cat-loving fortune teller (I kid you not) presented his observations about the link between paw shapes and personalities in cats. Although his method might not reliable, his goal is noble, as his wish is to help new cat parents find a pet feline whose character will be a perfect match. He even wrote a book with instructions and explanations! According to him, there are five main types of cat personalities, with 13 sub-types, all determined by the slight differences in their jelly beans. In case you have a feline companion and want to put Mr. Akatsuki’s theory to the test, here’s what to look for. Type A Cat (Heart-shaped middle jelly bean)

Dwarf Hotot

Dwarf Hotot Breed History/Origin Contrary to popular belief, the Dwarf Hotot is not a miniature version of the larger Hotot, but was developed by crossing several breeds with the normal-sized Hotot. The original Hotot was developed in France at the beginning of the 20th century by Baroness Bernard. The Dwarf variety was the result of breeding efforts in both East and West Germany in the 1970s. Two breeders independently bred the same rabbit, but came together to cross them. They used both the White Hotot and the Netherland Dwarf to create the Dwarf Hotot. In 1970, Elizabeth Forstinger of California brought seven Dwarf Hotots from West Germany to the United States and began showing them in 1980. Two years later, the American Dwarf Hotot Rabbit Club was created, and the breed was recognized by the American Rabbit Breeder’s Association (ARBA) in 1983. The Dwarf Hotot is also known as the ‘eyes of the fancy’, a name whose origin is made apparent as soon as you first see these striking bunnies. Show-worthy Dwarf Hotots are all white with a ring of black around their eyes that looks like eyeliner. Overall Description

Pitbull

Pitbull Basics There are few dogs out there more controversial than the Pitbull. Many people believe that the Pitbull is a wonderful family companion while others believe that this hybrid needs to be banned from their communities. The truth is that most Pitbulls, like all other dog breeds, are absolutely reliable pets that are great with kids and love people. Most of their bad reputation can be attributed to bad owners and irresponsible tabloid journalists. It’s certainly not the fault of any Pitbulls out there, who are absolutely wonderful pets as long as they are bred and trained responsibly. Those who want to have a Pitbull as a member of their families must do their research. Buying a Pitbull on the corner or through the local classifieds ads is a risky situation. It is essential that the buyer talk to the breeder extensively about his experiences and hopes for this hybrid breed. They should ask about health clearances as well as meet both of the parents and any other relatives on the premises. Because of the bad breeders of “Pitbulls”, it is important that the potential buyer be knows everything about the breed before bringing a Pitbull into his household. Is a Pitbull the right dog to bring into your home? Possibly, but there are many factors to consider. Fortunately, you’ve come to the right place. Keep your eyeballs glued to this page and scroll away to find out if these dogs are the right choice for you! Pitbulls are reliable pets that are great with kids and love people. Origin Nobody really knows the exact origin of the Pitbull began. According to most sources, it seems that this dog breed was a result of breeding bulldogs with terriers to create a new hybrid. The goal of the breeders was to produce a dog that would feature the strength of the bully breeds complemented by the perseverance and agility of the terrier. The reason why these particular traits were desirable was that the new hybrid was supposed to excel in bull baiting and bear baiting, two gruesome “sports” that were particularly popular in the 16th century. By the 18th and 19th centuries, a distinct breed of dog was popular in England – the bull-and-terrier. Sadly, the breed was mostly – if not exclusively – used for rat baiting and dog fighting. It is now commonly believed that the bull-and-terrier was the breed of origin for the Pitbull, which later evolved from mixing in the United States. These origins are sad and unfortunate, but they do explain where the Pitbull’s bad reputation comes from. These dogs shouldn’t be judged by the sad things that humans have trained them to do. They are so much more than that. While these two aggressive main traits certainly can be seen in Pitbulls today, it doesn’t mean that these dogs are inherently violent. The strength and the tenacity can be wonderful traits if directed towards a productive activity, rather than exploited for violence. This is yet another reason why Pitbulls deserve revaluation from dog lovers everywhere. Luckily, time showed its prettier side, and the practice of dog fighting and similar bloodsports were banned in most places around the world. With that, pitbulls got a long-deserved chance to show their true face and a kinder, protective side – one that we can see and enjoy today. Pedigree

Pros and Cons: Meal Feeding Vs Free Feeding Dogs

How and when do you feed your dog? Don’t think it’s important? Think again! Let’s go over the pros and cons of meal feeding vs free feeding dogs.It turns out that there’s a lot to think about when it comes to feeding your four-legged chum. One of these things is if you should go with meal feeding or free feeding dogs. If you’re not aware of these concepts, here’s a quick rundown for you: Free-feeding is when you have food available for your pooch at all times and he gets to choose when and how much to eat. Meal feeding is when you give your dog meals at set times every day (ideally, twice a day for adult dogs and three times a day for puppies), and take them away after 30 minutes to an hour, if he doesn’t finish the lot. Of course, there are pros and cons to each method. Check them out and decide which way of feeding is right for you and your pup.Related: How is Commercial Dog Food Regulated?What is Free Feeding?Just like it sounds–feeding freely an unlimited amount of food for your dog to graze on as he desires.Sometimes it’s limited, as you can still control the portion you give, but you leave it to your dog to eat when he needs or wants, and how much at each time.The thing is–not all dogs can be free feeders because they will just wolf all the food at once. It really depends on your dog, though, as many dogs do well with free-feeding if they feel secure in knowing there’s always a meal. In homes with multiple dogs, it’s less easy to ensure each dog gets just what they need.What is Scheduled Feeding?It’s probably just what you think of when you think of ‘feeding the dog.’ It’s giving your dog a set amount of food one to three times a day, and dependent upon each dog. Scheduled feeds typically go according to the dietary needs of a dog and your dog actually will start to ‘tell’ you when it’s time for breakfast or dinner.Scheduled feeding often seems to be the choice of vets because it lets you really track what your dog eats, as well as how much. It lets you and your dog bond–with your dog knowing he can count on you. You’re able to help with potty training because you have a better idea of when he needs to potty and it may just be more convenient for you both.Pros of Meal Feeding DogsYou control how much your dog eats, which should lessen the chance of overeating and obesity.It’s easier to notice if your dog is refusing food, which could be a sign that he’s unwell.It’s the most suitable way to feed wet or fresh foods that might go bad if left out for too long.If you have more than one dog, you can separate them at meal time if food aggression is a problem.It may lessen the chance of your dog getting bloat, and you’ll be around to get him veterinary treatment if he does bloat.Meals can be used as a reward.It gets your dog into a routine, which can help calm anxious pooches.Related: AutoDiet Feeder Puts An End To Your Pets’ All-You-Can-Eat BuffetCons of Meal Feeding DogsIt’s best to stick to roughly the same meal times each day, so you need to be around at this time to feed your dog.You may accidentally be feeding your dog too much or too little.Your four-legged friend might feel pressured to eat, even if he’s not hungry.Pros of Free-Feeding DogsIt’s more convenient for owners who don’t have a regular schedule. This is one of the most obvious advantages of free feeding. If you have a very busy daily schedule, or you are hit with an especially demanding work week, you can always count on your dog having ready food to eat. So, for example, you need to stay extra long at work today. Your dog will likely be fine without your company for those extra few hours, but they still need to eat. With free feeding, you can have that peace of mind, knowing that food is available to them. In theory, your dog should eat the correct amount of food for his needs (but, in practice, this isn’t always the case). A dog with balanced eating practices and a quality daily schedule, will often stick to the routines and norms of their daily life. This means that if they are used to eating a certain amount of food each time, the same will go for free feeding once you attempt it. So, even though there is a mountain of food in front of them, your doggo will eat the regular amount and return later for the next feeding time. But if you know your doggo is a voracious eater, this rule won’t work. Dogs don’t feel the pressure to eat their food right away, as they’re aware it will be there when they want it.Some people claim it can lessen food aggression. There are some doggos that are simply overly protective of their food. Even though no one threatens to take it, these pups will go the extra mile to make sure all the food is theirs. But when they know that there is plenty to go around, the drive to resource guard can quickly disappear. Cons of Free-Feeding DogsCan slow the progress of toilet training in puppies, as you can’t schedule post-meal potty breaks. While this might not be such a big con, and might not be so important this early on, it can still happen, especially if you are big about those post-meal potty breaks and potty training overall.Some dogs will eat even if they’re full, which can lead to obesity. Most doggos are very voracious, and will eat like a vacuum whenever they can. Imagine their joy when they face a big mound of food! So they will devour it, and eat and eat and eat, even after they had their fill. This overfeeding can lead to so many issues, especially with the digestive system. Bloating, gassiness, vomiting, diarrhea, and anything similar can become a big issue. But most dangerous is obesity which can quickly happen due to overfeeding. With obesity, your pet’s health is directly threatened in many ways, and you will need to react quickly. Free-fed dogs tend to be less food motivated, which can make training more difficult. A doggo with a full belly loves a good afternoon snooze. But a dog that knows there is a big pile of food always waiting around the corner, will have no motivation for anything else but snoozing and chilling. And that’s no good. A dog needs to be energetic and have exercise, and to follow that natural instinct of acquiring their food. When there’s food always ready in great amounts, the motivation to do anything else quickly drops down to zero. You can’t free-feed foods that will spoil. This is somewhat logical, but it’s worth mentioning. If you have dog food that really should not be left in the open for long, free feeding is immediately out of the question. Such foods will get spoiled really quickly, sometimes quicker than you think. This is especially true in those hot summer months. With such foods you are risking feeding your pet spoiled food, which can quickly lead to diarrhea, vomiting, and an upset stomach – at the very least.As you can see, both methods have their good and bad points. It really boils down to you and you pooch. If you’re out a lot or work irregular hours, it might not be possible to meal feed your dog. However, if this is the case, you should bear in mind that dogs do need companionship and shouldn’t be alone too much of the time. As for your four-legged friend, if he’s the kind of dog who will eat everything in sight, no matter if he’s hungry or not, then free-feeding probably isn’t for him!

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