Cock A Tzu

by Mary Simpson

Published: March 2nd, 2018

About Cock A Tzu

Weight

25-35 lb

Height

11-13 inches

Lifespan

12-15 years

Group

Not Applicable

Best Suited For

families with kids and other pets, apartment dwellers, those looking for a loyal companion pet

Temperament

playful, affectionate, loyal, gentle

Comparable Breeds

Cocker Spaniel, Shih Tzu

Cock A Tzu Basics

The sweet-natured Cock A Tzu is a fun-loving combination of the outgoing Cocker Spaniel and the playful yet stubborn little Shih Tzu that makes a great family dog who bonds quickly with his human pack. While he is loyal and protective, this pooch is not known for barking which means he is perfect for apartment living.

The sweet-natured Cock A Tzu is a fun-loving combination of the Cocker Spaniel and Shih Tzu.

Origin

The Cock A Tzu brings the Cocker Spaniel – a dog used for hunting woodcocks (hence cocker) who dates back to 14th century Spain – together with the Shih Tzu who has hales from ancient Tibet. Todays Cock A Tzu goes back 30 or 40 years to when breeders first began crossing pure-breds to create Designer Dogs. This type of dog was developed to produce pups that are free of some of the health issues pure-breds can experience and that carry desirable traits such as gentler personalities, smaller sizes and hypo-allergenic qualities.

Pedigree

Although the Cock A Tzu isn’t a member of the American Kennel Club (AKC), both of his parent breeds are members. The Cocker Spaniel joined AKC’s “sporting” group way back in 1878 while the Shih Tzu is a more recent addition, becoming a member of their “toy” group in 1969.

Food/Diet

Because of his propensity to joint issues later in life, the Cock A Tzu needs to avoid becoming obese. This can be done by providing him with a nutrient rich kibble designed for his size, age and activity level. Avoid fillers that may cause him to overeat and plan to feed him 2 to 3 smaller meals a day versus free feeding.

The Cock A Tzu is a highly intelligent dog and quite well behaved.

Training

Although the Cock A Tzu is a highly intelligent dog and quite well behaved, he can be a bit headstrong so patience will be required when training. Take a firm, consistent approach that will help him understand the pack leadership pecking order. This dog can be a bit sensitive so avoid scolding or punishment; instead use rewards to encourage him on a job well done.

Weight

Once fully grown, the Cock A Tzu will weigh between 25 and 35 pounds.

Temperament/Behavior

The friendly, well-behaved Cock A Tzu is a true people pleaser that is highly affectionate and loves to be involved in all family activities. He bonds quickly with his owner and because of this may experience separation anxiety if left on his own for long periods. This boy isn’t quick to bark and gets along well with everyone – including kids, other animals and even strangers – so is a great option for apartment living. He is somewhat sensitive and submissive so training should refrain from scolding.

Common Health Problems

While the Cock A Tzu is a healthy dog, he may be prone to inheriting some of the health issues that plague his parent breeds. It’s always good to know what these problems can include and with the Cock A Tzu he may be prone to joint issues including patellar luxation and hip dysplasia as well as eye problems from the Shih Tzu side of the family.

Life Expectancy

Your Cock A Tzu has a life expectancy of between 12 and 15 years.

Exercise Requirements

The Cock A Tzu is not a high maintenance dog when it comes to exercise. A couple of daily walks in the 30-minute range are enough to keep him happy and healthy. Because this is an intelligent breed, he will need mental stimulation that can include interactive playtime both indoors and outdoors as well as visits to the dog park for added socialization.

The Cock A Tzu is a people pleaser who bonds quickly with his family.

Recognized Clubs

Also known as the Cock-a-Tzu, the Cock A Tzu comes from 2 different pure-breds and for that reason does not qualify to be a member of the American Kennel Club (AKC) however he is recognized by Designer Breed Registry (DBR), American Canine Hybrid Club (ACHC), Designer Dogs Kennel Club (DDLC), Dog Registry of America, Inc. (DRA) and the International Designer Canine Registry (IDCR).

Coat

This dog comes from 2 double-coated breeds and while the Shih Tzu side of the equation can be almost non-shedding and hypoallergenic, the Cock A Tzu isn’t. Although he is a minimal shedder he will require daily brushing because his long silky hair is quite prone to matting and tangles. Bathe him only as necessary and expect to have him professionally groomed every 2 to 3 months to help maintain his coat’s shape. Because smaller dogs can be prone to dental issues, brush his teeth once or twice a week and inspect / clean ears weekly to avoid potential infections.

Puppies

Cock A Tzu puppies are sweet-natured and ready to please their new pet parents so begin their socialization and obedience training early. This little guy can become a bit headstrong, so patience will be required. Because he can be prone to joint issues later in life, exercise and playtime should never be excessive or to the point that tiny joints can be injured.

Photo credit: Laura Cruise/Shutterstock; Dan Kosmayer/Shutterstock; rebeccaashworth/Shutterstock

Mary Simpson

Sharing space with three seriously judgy Schnoodles and a feline who prefers to be left alone. #LivingMyBestLife

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Adoptable Dog of the Week- Princess

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What Is Cherry Eye In Dogs?

I spy with my little eye something that looks red and swollen! Cherry Eye – known as the third eyelid, is not too uncommon an issue, especially in young dogs. Luckily, there are easy solutions. Let’s go over some important facts about cherry eye in dogs and how to fix it. Did you know your dog has three eyelids? Most people don’t – that is, until Fido develops cherry eye. But let’s go back to that third eyelid… This clear lid is called a nictitating membrane, and it houses the glands that are vital to your dog’s vision through their tear production. So, it turns out this thing you never even knew existed is actually pretty important. Cherry eye is common in young dogs under the age of one or two, and has a prevalence in certain breeds, most of them small in size and stature. Breeds such as Lhasa Apso, Boston Terrier, American Cocker Spaniel, the English Bulldog, or the Shih Tzu are especially prone to this issue, but not exclusive to it. Cherry eye in dogs occurs when this tear gland pops out, so to speak, appearing as a red bulge in the corner of the eye – much like a cherry, hence the condition’s name. When you see it, you’ll know what we’re talking about. The meaty mass is often accompanied by abnormal tearing and oozing. What is more, both eyes can develop cherry eye issue, but at different stages in your dog’s life. Still, it isn’t a reason for excess worry, as solutions are often simple and efficient, especially if the issue is caught early on. Related: What You Need To Know About Glaucoma In Dogs Cherry Eye is the Pits Cherry eye is common in young dogs under the age of two, particularly in smaller breeds including the Cocker Spaniel, Lhasa Apso, Shih-Tzu, Pug, Poodle, Beagle, Bulldog, Boston Terrier and Bloodhound. What causes it? No need for pet-parent guilt here, your pooch was probably born with a weak ligament that attaches the gland to the membrane, which can cause the gland to literally flip out. When displaced, the gland doesn’t circulate blood properly and thus, swells, reddens, and becomes a big, ugly eye-blob. While certainly gross looking, cherry eye itself isn’t painful – except maybe to your dog’s ego. Ouch! But the longer it’s untreated and the gland left exposed, the higher the risk of your dog developing inflammation, infection, and damage that can compromise tear production and vision down the road. The one major side effect that you will notice is an overproduction of tears. Breeds such as the bulldog are already prone to excess tears – but if a cherry eye appears, this production of tears quickly becomes abnormal. Related: Living Well With Your Blind Dog There are currently no known preventative measures for cherry eye in dogs, but there are treatments once it does happen that will prevent this often-recurring condition from “popping out” again. Back in the day, before the importance of this tear gland was fully understood, the treatment for the protrusion was to simply remove it. But the “when in doubt, take it out” cure-all is not ideal, knowing what we now know. After all, it was put there for a reason, right? Removal of the gland, which produces approximately 40 percent of the eye’s tears, can result in dry eye, discomfort, and a medication regime from here on in. Short of lopping off the offending protrusion, there are some other treatment options that could do the trick. Topical versus Surgical Treatment If caught early, the gland can sometimes be eased back into place using manual massage and manipulation, antibiotics or steroids, and in some cases, cherry eye in dogs sometimes just corrects itself. Of course, manual treatment sounds ideal: spot the third eye early on and you can apply gentle massage movements in a downward and diagonal direction. As you massage towards the snout, with your pet’s eyes closed, you can gently ease the gland back into place and fix the issue. At times, antibiotics and steroids will be enough too. What is more, the cherry eye can sometimes fix itself! But in all these cases, since you’re not actually fixing the weakest link, the chances of a relapse prolapse within days or even hours are pretty high. So, either bone up on your eye massaging abilities, or consider surgical treatment as a more permanent solution to the problem. The “pocket’ or “envelope” technique tops the charts as the most common procedure, according to the American College of Veterinary Ophthamologists. As the name suggests, it involves cutting a new pocket in the third eyelid, tucking the gland back into place, and stitching the pocket shut to the gland doesn’t sneak back out again. Viola! Alternately, the gland can also be tacked to the orbital rim to secure it in place. Unfortunately, each surgery comes with risks and none offer a 100 percent guarantee that this recurring problem will be corrected once and for all. Sure, this procedure with cutting and stitching doesn’t sound too appealing, especially for your pupper. But in the hands of a skilled and seasoned vet, this procedure can be considered safe, quick, and efficient. If the hand massage, antibiotics, or steroids don’t help – or the gland prolapse keeps recurring, this simple surgery might be the last and ideal solution. One thing you need to keep in mind: once it arises, the problem needs to be solved. If left untreated the prolapsed gland can be the source of many new complications. This gland is responsible for up to 50% of tear production in dogs, and tears are very important in the life of a healthy pupper. If you leave the protruding gland exposed for extended periods of time, you risk trauma, lack of tears, and a secondary infection. A dry eye can lead to eye inflammation and from there on the problems just keep piling up. Whatever the solution you opt for, aftercare will be necessary. This is especially important if a surgical treatment is chosen. The usual aftercare involves antibiotic eye ointment up to three times per day for a period of up to two weeks. This might vary from pet to pet and per your vet’s instructions. Still, even after surgery, a new relapse of the cherry eye is still a possibility, and will require more treatment. But this is not a reason to worry. With good care the problem can be solved and your doggo can live a normal life.

A Short Guide to Eye Diseases in Dogs

Vision loss can affects dog breeds of all ages. As a pet parent, keep an eye on your dog’s peepers with this short guide to eye diseases in dogs. Though your dog’s nose is probably his strongest sensory organ, his vision is very important as well. Unfortunately, dogs are prone to a wide variety of eye diseases which can impact vision or cause complete blindness. Keep reading to learn about six of the most common eye diseases in dogs and how to identify and treat them. Entropion/Ectropion Both of these conditions have to do with the dog’s eye rolling inward or outward. Entropion occurs when the dog’s eyelid rolls inward and the eyelashes rub against the surface of the eye, causing pain, increased tear production, and corneal damage. When caused by a secondary condition, entropion can be temporarily resolved by suturing the eyelids in place – this is called eyelid tacking. Surgical options are also available for more severe cases where a permanent fix is needed. Related: What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy in Dogs Ectropion is the opposite – the eyelid rolls outward, causing the tissue lining the inner eyelid to be exposed. This exposure can lead to reduced tear production which may cause the eye to dry out, worsening any pain or discomfort caused by the condition in the first place. This condition can be treated with topical lubricants to an antibiotic ointment along with good facial hygiene. Persistent Pupillary Membranes Often shortened to PPM, persistent pupillary membranes are simply a sheet of mesodermal tissue that, under normal circumstances, develops into the pupil of the eye while the puppy develops in its mother’s womb. When the tissue doesn’t completely disappear and strands of it become attached to other parts of the eye, it can cause those parts of the eye to malfunction. Symptoms of PPM may include visual impairment, visible strands crossing the pupil, cloudiness in the cornea, and abnormal eye movement. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for PPM but many cases resolve on their own. Related: What You Need To Know About Glaucoma In Dogs Progressive Retinal Atrophy As the name suggests, progressive retinal atrophy is an eye condition that worsens over time. Also known as PRA, this condition causes a dog to eventually go blind, though it is not a painful condition nor do the eyes really change in appearance. The first symptom of PRA is usually night blindness, though many dogs don’t show signs that their vision has changed. There is no cure for PRA but most dogs adapt well to a loss of vision as long as their environment remains stable. Distichiasis This condition is characterized by the abnormal growth of an eyelash – it either grows from an abnormal location or in an abnormal direction. In most cases, the distichiae emerges through the tear duct into the eye and, when they form, there is usually more than one. This condition most commonly affects cocker spaniels, shih tzus, dachshunds, retrievers, and sheepdogs but can affect other breeds as well. Treatment is often not required as mild symptoms can be managed with lubricants or manual removal. Retinal Dysplasia This condition is characterized by cells or layers of retinal tissue that have failed to develop properly. Retinal dysplasia usually develops around 6 weeks of age, causing the retina to develop layers of folded tissue instead of lying flat. Though some cases produce no symptoms, this condition can also render a puppy partially or totally blind. Unfortunately, there is no treatment. If you notice some kind of abnormality with your dog’s eyes, don’t ignore it – report it to your veterinarian to get an accurate diagnosis. While many eye conditions are minor, some of them can lead to permanent damage so prompt treatment is a must.

How Do I Choose the Best Muzzle for My Dog?

With the news of the recent American Bully XL ban in the UK, conversations around dog muzzles have been popping up all over social media. The growing discussion has opened the door for dog owners in the United States to consider the benefits of using a muzzle for their own dogs for many reasons, including scavenging, reactivity, and even short-term use for veterinary and grooming appointments. But with so many different styles of muzzle on the market, how do you choose the best muzzle for your dog? We have you covered! In this guide, we will discuss the different muzzle types available, what each type is best suited for, and the proper fit of a dog muzzle. Plus, I will share which muzzle we currently use with our reactive dog, Lucifer, and why. Let’s get started… Things to Consider When Shopping for a Muzzle for Your Dog When selecting a muzzle for your dog, there is no singular “best option” that will work for every dog and situation. On one hand, this can be frustrating as it leaves you feeling overwhelmed navigating the wide assortment of options. On the other hand, it means you can purchase a muzzle uniquely suited for your dog’s needs. Here are a few key factors to consider when making your decision: MaterialThere are several materials to consider when shopping for a muzzle, including metal, plastic, rubber, vinyl, leather, Biothane, fabric, silicone, and more. To determine the best option for your dog, there are a few critical deciding factors: Do you need a muzzle that can prevent a determined dog from biting? Will your dog be wearing the muzzle outdoors in the elements? Is weight a factor for your dog? Does your dog engage in “muzzle punching” when wearing a muzzle (ramming into people with the muzzle)? Will your dog likely shove the muzzle into the dirt while trying to smell the ground? It is important to note that most muzzles are not considered “bite-proof.” This means they shouldn’t be relied on to prevent a bite from occurring. If you are muzzling as a safety precaution due to a bite risk, the best options are vinyl or wire basket muzzles. Ease of Use Like harnesses and collars, some dogs make fastening a muzzle easy, while others can make the process a challenge. This doesn’t necessarily mean they dislike the muzzle or aren’t properly conditioned to the muzzle. For example, if our boy Lucifer is overly excited about going somewhere, he sometimes gets the zoomies. He usually will stand still to let us buckle his muzzle, but it’s hard to control the zoomies when they hit! A muzzle with a quick-release buckle will be your best option if that sounds familiar. This is faster to secure than a traditional threaded buckle. Airflow One primary concern for those considering muzzling their dogs is the airflow that they will offer, and for good reason! This is especially important if your dog is going to be active while wearing the muzzle. Wire basket muzzles are often a favorite for high-energy dogs, allowing for uninterrupted airflow and making it easy for your dog to drink while wearing it. In comparison, leather and Biothane muzzles, especially those designed to prevent scavengers from being able to pick up “goodies” on their walks, generally limit airflow. Carefully consider your dog’s lifestyle and the situations where a muzzle may be needed.

Is Dog Snoring Normal?

Does it sound like your pet’s sawing wood whenever they take a nap? We hear you. It just so happens that dogs can snore like humans do, and some do it quite often and quite loudly. But what causes snoring in dogs, and is it normal? And is there a way to limit, reduce, or altogether eliminate it? Here are all the deets on dog snoring you need to know.Is Dog Snoring Normal?First off, yes, dog snoring can be completely normal. Just like humans, dogs can snore for various reasons. In most cases, it is not something you should worry about. Still, it can be somewhat distracting, and you might want to know what causes it. A number of factors can contribute to this issue – here are the most common ones.Brachycephalic Breeds:Dogs with short noses and flat faces, known as brachycephalic breeds, are more prone to snoring. This conformation can lead to narrower air passages, making it harder for air to flow smoothly during breathing. Examples of brachycephalic breeds include Bulldogs, Pugs, Boxers, and Shih Tzus.Weight:Overweight, chubby dogs may snore more frequently because excess weight can put pressure on their airways. Combined with excess fat on their neck, and the sleeping position, their snoring can be quite loud, especially during sleep. Age:Believe it or not, age can cause snoring as well! Older dogs may snore more frequently and loudly as they age, just like some humans. Age can affect the muscles and tissues in a dog's throat. Older dogs may experience a relaxation of these tissues, contributing to snoring. Don't hold it against your senior furry friend, they can't help it!Sleeping Environment:Ultimately, the environment in which a dog sleeps can influence snoring. For example, if the room is too dry, it may irritate the nasal passages, or if it's too warm, dogs may breathe with their mouths open, contributing to snoring. Try to find an ideal environment for them, or consider using an air humidifier to moisturize dry air.

Dog Facial Recognition App Helps Scientists Fight Against Rabies

In countries where dogs aren’t microchipped, don’t wear tags, and usually run free, it’s challenging for authorities to determine which dog has already been vaccinated for rabies. A new mobile phone app could help improve rabies vaccination by identifying dogs using facial recognition technology.A team of researchers from Washington State University tested the app’s effectiveness in a rabies vaccination clinic in Tanzania, where they microchipped, vaccinated, and registered dogs. The idea behind this project is to take a picture of a dog’s face during initial vaccination. Then the picture needs to be entered into the database via the app, along with other important information, such as the dog’s age, sex, and coat color. When veterinarians return to the same area, they will take a facial photo of each dog they come across. If the app finds a close match in the database, it will notify the vet, who can then decide whether the vaccinated dog in the database is indeed the same dog they are currently examining. A vaccination team testing the app visited nine villages in Tanzania, where they photographed and vaccinated 1,420 dogs. After the initial check, 20 images were deemed unusable, leaving exactly 1,400 to work with. All of these photographs were added to the app’s database.Later, a different validation team visited the same villages, assessing 720 dogs via the app, not knowing which dogs were already vaccinated, and entered into the app’s database. Once again, some photos were deemed unusable for the study - 161 were rejected.Using those images, the app helped the team to correctly identify 76.2% of vaccinated dogs and 98.9% of unvaccinated dogs. These findings were confirmed using microchips that were implanted under the dogs’ skin when they were vaccinated, as part of the study.“Because domestic dogs are the main reservoir for human rabies, controlling human rabies globally requires the mass vaccination of dogs,” said Felix Lankester, WSU Associate Professor and the lead investigator of the study. Scientists are working to optimize the app’s registration process to minimize the number of rejected photos. “When carrying out mass vaccination, one of the major problems that we face is trying to identify which dogs have and haven’t been vaccinated. For example, microchips are too expensive to use at the scale needed to eliminate rabies, and collars can be removed by owners. We developed this app to see if facial recognition might work, and it’s showing great promise in helping us achieve that goal,” Professor Lankester added. The facial recognition algorithm used by the app is developed in collaboration with Canadian company PiP My Pet. It identifies a dog by looking at key features of its face and comparing it to previously stored photos of the faces of other dogs. Photos with the highest number of similar features are shown as possible matches, leaving it to the user to pick the right one.The app’s success depends on the image quality and information about each dog being properly recorded. Before unusable images and incorrect information about dogs were removed from the database, users were only able to match around 65% of the vaccinated dogs.For the time being, users must be online to use the app’s facial matching feature, but Lankester and his team are working to make the app operational even offline. “We’re not quite there yet, but I think with the investment, the technology can get there. I am excited by its potential,” Lankester said.Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

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“One-of-a-Kind” Cat With Two Noses Searches for Her Forever Home

As rescue cat parents and rescue advocates, we know firsthand that every cat has a unique story to tell. But some cats truly stand out and make their mark on the world. Nanny McPhee, a rescue cat who recently came into the care of the Cats Protection Warrington Adoption Centre. It’s not the way this sweet girl came into the shelter or her life before that has everyone talking… It’s a VERY unique physical feature – her nose, or “noses,” in her case! The sweet kitty lived in a loving home for the first four years of her life. Unfortunately, her previous owner had to make the difficult decision to contact a rescue due to health and financial reasons. When Nanny McPhee first arrived at the rescue, volunteers and rescue workers noticed a few things about the tuxedo kitty. First, she was a very gentle lady with a love for attention.“She has proven to be a gentle lady who adores a fuss and a cuddle, and we are hopeful her new-found fame will mean she will have no shortage of potential adopters,” shared shelter manager Lindsay Kerr. “She really does deserve a home where she can settle down and become the center of a loving family.” Second, they noticed she had a surprisingly large nose. It was this unique feature that led to her being named after the popular children’s character. But that signature sniffer was hiding an even bigger secret. A check-up with a local veterinarian revealed that the cat had not one but TWO noses, creating the appearance of one large snout. When asked about the discovery, senior field veterinary officer Fiona Brockbank explained that it was the first time they had seen this but that the cat’s unique appearance resulted from a congenital malformation. Other more common examples of this include cleft palates or cleft lips. These conditions can be inherited or caused by an incident during development in utero.

How To Tell if a Cat Is Cold

Despite your cat’s luxurious coat, they can feel cold sometimes, and it’s important to make it easy for them to warm up because, if they get too cold, they could become hypothermic. Keep reading to learn how to spot the signs that your cat is cold, and how to help them feel warm and comfortable.Signs Your Cat Is ColdCats of all ages and breeds can feel the effects of the cold, but kittens, seniors, and those who are ill are more susceptible. And, of course, hairless cats can get cold even faster. Here are some of the ways to tell if your cat is cold:Your cat’s body feels cold – Feel your cat’s body to see if they’re cold to the touch. If their ears, paws, and tail are colder than normal, they may need help warming up. Your cat’s posture changes – A cat who’s cold may curl up in a ball to try to warm up. You might also find them puffing up their fur or they might be in a hunched position as they try to conserve heat. Your cat is looking for warmer spots – A kitty who’s feeling the chill in the air will find the warmest spots in the house. They might get under the thick blanket on your bed, or they might insist on sitting in your lap. And you might find them spending more time near a heater or fireplace. During the day, they might also move to areas that get more sunshine to feel its warmth.Your cat isn’t as active – When a cat feels too cold, they may become less active. If your pet is sleeping more or appears lethargic, first make sure that another medical issue isn’t to blame. If it’s because they’re cold, take action to warm them up, including turning up the heat in your home. Bear in mind that cats with certain conditions, such as arthritis, might feel even more discomfort when it’s cold, and this can lead to changes in activity level and behavior too.Your cat starts shivering – Like people, cats shiver when they’re very cold, and this is a sign that you need to warm them up right away. But because this could also be a symptom of other problems, from illness and pain to stress and fear, be sure to determine if temperature is really the culprit.What To Do if Your Cat Is ColdThere are many ways to help your feline friend feel cozy and comfortable, such as:Give your cat a cozy bed and blanket in a warm spotWhen you see that your cat is feeling cold, give them a warm bed that they can rest in to warm up. There are heated beds that you plug in, as well as self-warming beds that work without electricity. Plus, there are heated pads that can be helpful in making your kitty feel cozy. And you can let your cat crawl under a soft blanket for extra warmth. Just be sure to use heated beds and pads as directed to prevent injuries. Let your cat relax in a warm area in the house, such as near a heat source or in a spot where the sunshine streams in during the day. Move your pet away from drafts.Snuggle with your catOnce your cat finds a comfortable spot on the bed or sofa, you can lie down next to them to help them warm up with your body heat. They’re sure to love the attention, and you’ll get to be near your purring feline friend.  Put sweaters on your catAs long as your kitty doesn’t mind wearing clothes, you can use sweaters to keep them warm on chilly days. This is especially useful for hairless kitties. And you can use clothes to keep your cat warm while exploring the outdoors with you.Protect cats who spend time outsideIf your pet is an adventure cat who goes outside with you, or an indoor/outdoor cat who goes out on their own, check outdoor temperatures first. Generally, it’s best to let them spend time outside only when it’s at least 45°F (7°C), but every cat is different, so some might only feel comfortable when it’s even warmer than that.Whenever it’s cold, raining, windy, or snowing, keep them indoors until the weather clears and warms up. Remember, cats who are cold or wet for too long are at risk of frostbite and hypothermia.Note: If you have an outdoor cat, they’ll look for shelter to stay as warm as possible, so give them a safe and dry outdoor enclosure that will protect them from the elements if you can’t bring them into your home, which would be preferable.Check Out These Products That Help Cats Stay WarmHere are a few products we recommend for keeping your cat warm: K&H Thermo-Kitty Bed Deluxe Hooded

Study Shows Shape of a Dog’s Head Can Actually Affect Their Sleep

If you have noticed that your dog’s sleep quality is reduced, or that they have begun to snore heavily, there might be an unusual reason behind it – the shape of your pet’s head! Snoring problems can be quite common for many dogs, but they are most often seen in brachycephalic dogs – basically, dogs with flat faces. For example, this is the key characteristic of the  French Bulldog, one of the world’s most popular breeds. In the USA, and in Hungary where the research for these claims was conducted, the goofy little French Bulldog holds the place of the number one most common pet dog breed. And that means that some health-related issues, stemming from their flat-face appearance, are coming into the foreground. Their shortened skulls and brachycephalic morphology result in sleep problems, snoring, difficulties with breathing, and deteriorative brain morphology changes. According to the latest  study by a Hungarian research team, flat-faced dogs tend to sleep more because their breed suffers from sleep apnea and thus their daytime sleepiness is increased. Thus, their REM (deep) sleep phase is much longer than their non-REM sleep, while the EEG patterns in their sleep indicate signs of white matter loss. And while some owners across the world see these Bulldogs and their extremely flat skulls as an attractive or unique feature, it is, nonetheless, a major health hazard. These breeds, for example, the French Bulldog, the Pug, and the English Bulldog tend to live around 3 to 4 years less than other dogs, and in many cases, they don’t even live to adulthood.Some will even have to undergo surgery to correct their musculoskeletal, respiratory, and eye problems, which can cause them a lot of problems throughout their lives. To make matters worse, the rounded and short skull of these dogs results in a distorted and rounded brain, which could affect neural functioning.All this resulted in the Hungarian team’s extensive research into the sleep of these breeds. They studied the sleep of 92 dogs, using EEG. "In the sleep lab, dogs spend about three hours with their owners. As nothing exciting happens, the dogs fall asleep quickly. Meanwhile, we conduct the electrical potential generated by the brain activity with electrodes glued to their scalps," says Anna Kis, who is considered a pioneer in the study of sleeping dogs and a researcher at the HUN-REN Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology. "We wanted to investigate whether flat-faced dogs sleep differently from other dogs, as they are known to suffer from oxygen deprivation due to respiratory problems and therefore have poorer quality sleep. We found that the flat-faced dogs slept more in the three hours given to them during the study. More daytime sleep is probably compensation for insufficient sleep at night.”Ivaylo Iotchev, the first author of a study of dog sleep patterns that was published in the Journal of Brain Structure and Function, adds "In the present study, we found that brachycephalic dogs had decreased beta waves and increased delta compared to dogs with longer noses. The frequency of sleep spindles increased. This pattern has previously been associated with poorer learning in dogs and loss of white matter in humans."He also adds "There may be several reasons for our results. The most interesting of these is that it seems as if the flat-faced dogs have retained the sleep pattern of puppyhood, similarly to newborns who spend more time in REM sleep.”If you own a brachycephalic dog and have been seeing a lack of quality in their sleep, these studies might provide the answers you are looking for – your pooch’s genetics might be to blame for their poor sleep.

Great Dane Sets the Largest Litter Record at North Carolina Rescue

A North Carolina dog gave birth to a litter of puppies and has set a record in the process. Earlier this month, Perfectly Imperfect Pups, a North Carolina foster-based rescue took in a pregnant Great Dane, named Meadow. Two days later, Meadow gave birth to 15 puppies. “It’s the largest litter we have ever seen,” said Nicole Kincaid, the rescue’s founder and director. “We could not believe it when we heard she had 15 puppies, and most of them male! We are so excited for their bright future!”Meadows litter is the largest the rescue has seen since it was founded three years ago. The PIP’s founder and director, Nicole Kincaid, shared that this is also the largest litter she has seen in her 13-year-long rescue career. According to Kincaid, Meadow’s litter is unique for another reason - most of the puppies in the litter are male. “Shockingly enough, we have 12 boys, which is a huge number of boys out of a litter.”PIPs share the news of the record-breaking litter in a Facebook post, writing, “Puppies, puppies, and more puppies! Mamma Meadow and her crew are doing great.”“We are shocked to find out how many puppies she actually had and that all have survived and are doing well,” said Kincaid, according to PEOPLE. “Before being taken in by the Perfectly Imperfect Pups, Meadow had an unsteady past. “She has been passed around to five homes, since giving birth to another litter in February. She was being given away on social media and we reached out, but unfortunately, they gave her away pregnant to someone else.”“Within two days they contacted us and asked if we could still take [Meadow], and of course, we were delighted to take her in,” Kincaid shared. “We got her to our vet the next day, and the day after, she started going into labor.”Meadow is just one of many dogs who had the misfortune of being bounced around from one home to the next. Kincaid shared that this wasn’t Meadow’s fault, saying, “People get a large breed dog, and they don’t realize what they are getting themselves into.”“We are delighted that this will be her final [litter], and her next home will be her forever home,” said Kincaid. “We will also make sure that all 15 puppies go to homes that are experienced with large breed dogs.”For now, Shari Willson, one of the Perfectly Imperfect Pups’ fosters is taking care of Meadow and her pups. The foster mom is supplement feeding the pups in between feedings to make sure all puppies are getting enough food. “Everyone’s gaining weight, everyone’s eating, they are all doing really well,” said Willson.Kincaid praised Meadow’s foster home, saying that her organization “is so proud of our foster parents. They take in dogs without knowing what the next few days or months could bring.”“Taking in a pregnant dog is even more of a challenge because you don’t always know when mom will give birth, how many puppies will be born, or what complications may come along,” she said.The rescue has already received applications and hundreds of messages about adopting Meadow or her puppies when they are old enough to go to their forever homes. All of PIP’s adopters sign a contract in which they commit to taking care of the dog for its entire life and promise to contact the rescue if they can no longer care for them. The rescue’s post-adoption team follows up with the adopters and is available to answer any medical or training-related questions. Mamma Meadow and her pups are going to make wonderful companions and loving dogs to their new families! Join the PetGuide community. Get the latest pet news and product recommendations by subscribing to our newsletter here.

Does Your Dog Have What it Takes to Be a B.A.R.K. Ranger?

Is your dog your favorite adventure buddy? Do you dream of exploring America’s National Parks system with your furry best friend by your side? While many parks have limitations on where dogs are allowed, the popularity of pet-friendly travel is on the rise. In response, the U.S. National Park Service introduced a program to teach dog parents how to travel with their pups responsibly – the B.A.R.K. Ranger Program. But does your dog have what it takes to be a B.A.R.K. Ranger? What is involved in earning that title anyway? In this article, we will break down the B.A.R.K. principles and why they are so important for responsible outdoor travel. We will also share tips for helping your dog become a certified B.A.R.K. ranger. What Does the Acronym “B.A.R.K.” Stand For? Let’s start at the beginning—what exactly is the B.A.R.K. Ranger program, and what does the acronym “B.A.R.K.” stand for? Recognizing that a growing number of dog parents wanted to bring their pups with them when visiting the parks, the U.S. National Park Service recognized a need for education on how to travel with dogs responsibly. This means focusing on the importance of respecting the environment, local wildlife, and other visitors to the park. This program is a partnership between the National Park Service (NPS) and the Association of Pet Dog Trainers (APDT). It is part of the Healthy Parks Healthy People Initiative, which is focused on the idea that “parks can be gateways to good health – for people and the planet.” The B.A.R.K. acronym stands for: B – Bag your pet’s wasteA – Always leash your petR – Respect wildlife K – Know where you can goThe concept is similar to the traditional Leave No Trace principles but focuses on how a dog may impact the environment and the overall park experience. What Are the Qualifications to Become a B.A.R.K. Ranger? The good news is that the requirements to become a B.A.R.K. Ranger are very broad. The program is open to dogs of all ages, breeds, sizes, and activity levels. From the senior chihuahua who prefers to be carried along the trail while still enjoying the fresh air to the high-energy Border Collie who could hike for days without stopping, all are welcome! So, does your dog meet the qualifications? As long as they are dog – YES!What is the Process of Getting Your Dog’s B.A.R.K. Ranger Certification? This is where the conversation becomes a little more complicated. While the B.A.R.K. Ranger program is a National Park Service program, the exact requirements to be named a B.A.R.K. Ranger vary from park to park. This allows each park to customize the program to best suit its area and the needs of those who visit each park specifically. At some parks, you will be asked to take a booklet and fill it out. Once you have completed the booklet, you will receive your commemorative leash tag. At other parks, a program is offered that you will attend to learn more about the B.A.R.K. principles and how they can be applied in your travels. Finally, some parks make it incredibly easy. They ask those interested to learn about the B.A.R.K. principles at home before coming to the park. Upon arrival, the dog's parents are asked if they understand and agree with them. They then take a pledge to follow these principles before their dog is given the coveted title.

Are Essential Oils Safe for Dogs?

Essential oils have a variety of uses and can be quite beneficial. And that’s not true for human use alone, as these natural oils found their way to the world of pets as well, and can be used to help eliminate a range of issues such as skin irritations, allergies, and fleas, and to boost the overall health of your dog’s coat. But, while there are plenty of pet products that contain essential oils, many owners are wondering: are essential oils really safe for dogs? It is a good question, so let’s try and find the right answer.Essential Oils for Dogs: The BasicsWhile some essential oils can be safe for dogs, it's important to use them with caution. Dogs have a more sensitive sense of smell than humans, so strong scents can be overwhelming, even if they are of natural origin. Certain essential oils, like lavender and chamomile, are generally considered safe in small amounts and when properly diluted. That being said, it is important to know what you are buying and to find essential oils that are made for pets especially. These are likely to be properly diluted and formulated to be safe for dogs. Essential oils can have various effects on dogs, both positive and negative. Some oils, like the aforementioned lavender and chamomile, may help with relaxation and anxiety, and help your pet sleep easier. On the other side, specific oils such as tea tree, citrus, and peppermint can be harmful to dogs and should be avoided.When using essential oils around dogs, it's crucial to dilute them properly. Always dilute essential oils before using them around your dog. Most experts recommend a ratio of 1:50, meaning one drop of essential oil to 50 drops of carrier oil. Of course, you should always observe your dog's reactions. Watch for signs of distress or discomfort in your dog when you introduce a new essential oil. If you notice any adverse reactions, stop using the oil immediately.Ultimately, you should be wary of the application methods you are using. Avoid applying essential oils directly to your dog's skin. Instead, diffuse them in the air or use a diffuser. You can also add a few drops to your dog's collar or bedding if the goal is to deter parasites. Needless to say, it goes a long way to properly familiarize yourself with essential oils and how they are used in the dog world. You can go in-depth with  a book that specializes in this topic, and gain the ultimate knowledge about these helpful oils before utilizing these natural products for your pet’s well-being. 

How Often Should I Feed My Fish?

Keeping aquarium fish is such a rewarding experience, but that doesn’t mean it’s always easy to do so – there are many things to know about these wonderful creatures, and caring for them can require a lot of patience and plenty of learning. Of course, it all starts with the basic stuff, and it doesn’t get more basic than feeding your pet! A common question by pet fish owners is related to feeding frequency, as their aquatic friends can’t really let them know when they are hungry. So, without further ado, here’s how often should you feed your fish depending on their unique characteristics.How Often Should I Feed My Fish?There are a lot of factors that will determine the feeding schedule you have for the inhabitants of your saltwater or freshwater aquarium. The frequency of feeding your fish depends on the type of fish, their age, and the specific conditions of your tank. Adult tropical fish are most commonly fed once or twice a day. You can feed them a small amount of food that they can consume within a few minutes. Cold-water adult fish, on the other hand, such as  goldfish, can be fed two or three times a day. In any case, be cautious not to overfeed as it can lead to water quality issues.Young fish, however, may require more frequent feeding, at least three times a day, because they are still growing rapidly. Of course, some specific types of fish have equally specific dietary requirements. Research the particular needs of the species you are keeping to ensure you are providing the right type and amount of food. Your local pet fish store can also provide guidelines, as can your vet. When you are feeding your fish, it is important to stick around and observe them, at least initially. Paying attention to your fish during feeding can provide you with plenty of information. If they consume all the food quickly, you can consider increasing the amount slightly. If there is uneaten food after a few minutes, you may be overfeeding. Try to find that perfect balance. Another thing to consider is the so-called “fasting day”. This means not giving your fish any food for a period of 24 hours – and don’t worry, this won’t harm them. It's a good idea to incorporate a fasting day into the weekly routine. This helps mimic their natural feeding patterns and allows their digestive systems to rest. Most aquarists fast their fish for one day of the week, which is more than enough for your fish to reap the benefits.How Much Food Should I Give My Fish?A good rule of thumb is to always give less food than you think your fish need – and add more additionally throughout multiple feedings during the day if needed. Remember that overfeeding can lead to poor water quality as uneaten food breaks down and produces waste. It's crucial to maintain a balance and not exceed the recommended amount. In such cases, it is good to have a  special aquarium water quality monitor, which can tell you the key information about the water in the tank. Additionally, some fish species are more active during certain times of the day, so adjusting feeding times to coincide with their natural behavior can be beneficial.

Can Dogs Have Sleep Apnea?

If you’ve ever heard your dog snoring, you might’ve wondered if sleep apnea is a condition that can affect canines like it does humans. The answer is, yes, dogs can have sleep apnea, although it is rare, and certain breeds may be at greater risk. Below is some information on sleep apnea in dogs, including research, symptoms, and possible treatment options.

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